-
Roanoke
The first English settlement in the New World. It was founded by Sir Walter Raleigh. The first Roanoke colonists returned to England due to harsh conditions, so Raleigh sent out another group of colonists under John White. When John White returned to Roanoke, everyone had vanished, which is why Roanoke is now known as the "lost colony."
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/roanoke-colony-deserted -
Salutary Neglect
Allowed colonists to violate the laws associated with trade. This policy was created to ensure that the American Colonies would continue being loyal to the British during the period of expansion in Colonial America. To pay the war debt the British had acquired during the French and Indian War, they ended this policy. This led to insurrection in the colonies, the Boston Tea Party, the American Revolution, and the Declaration of Independence.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/salutary-neglect.htm -
Jamestown
The Viriginia Company of London founded America's first permanent English settlement on the banks of the James River. At first, Jamestown was a failure due to famine, disease, and conflict with the Native Americans. However, in 1610 a new group of settlers and supplies arrived. A period of peace between the colonists and Native Americans occurred due to the marriage of John Rolfe and Pocahontas. It remained the capital of the Virginia colony until 1699.
http://www.history.com/topics/jamestown -
House of Burgesses
Governor George Yeardley announced that the Virginia Company had voted to abolish martial law and form a legislative assembly. The House of Burgesses became the first legislative assembly in the American colonies. Burgesses were elected representatives, but only white men with a certain amount of property could vote for them.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/2f.asp -
Great Migration
-
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower was a ship that carried Pilgrims and other settlers across the Atlantic Ocean. Halfway to America, it encountered a bad storm but thankfully the passengers had brought a "great iron screw." They sailed to Plymouth and started to build a town there. The Mayflower Compact was formed to prevent dissent amongst Puritans and non-separatist Pilgrims. It was the first written framework of government in the U.S.
http://www.history.com/topics/mayflower-compact -
Period: to
Great Migration
Around 20,000 people crossed the Atlantic Ocean to arrive in America. They left stable economic lives due to religious persecution in England. The people of the Great Migration formed the basis of what would become American society.
http://www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com/the-great-migration-of-picky-puritans-1620-40/ -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
In 1629, King Charles I provided the Massachusetts Bay Company with a charter to trade and colonize in New England between the Charles and Merrimack rivers. This colony was founded by John Winthrop and Deputy Governor Thomas Dudley, and it was settled by around 1,000 Puritan refugees from England. In 1691, a new charter combined the Plymouth colony and Maine into the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Massachusetts-Bay-Colony -
Maryland
One of the Southern Colonies. Founded by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore, and other colonists. Named Maryland in honor of Henrietta Maria, the wife of King Charles I. Cecilius Calvert sought to establish Maryland as a haven for Catholics persecuted in England. This colony existed until 1776, when it joined in the rebellion against Great Britan.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-settlement-of-maryland -
Conneticut
Founded by Thomas Hooker and was one of the four New England colonies. Known as the River Colony and played an important role in self-government. It was an English colony until it joined the rebellion to gain independence from Great Britain in 1776.
http://www.softschools.com/facts/13_colonies/connecticut_colony_facts/2034/ -
Rhode Island
Founded by Roger Williams, who had been banished from the Massachusetts Colony due to his religious tolerance. One of the New England Colonies and was also founded by other colonists such as Anne Hutchinson. It existed until 1776, when it joined the other colonies in the rebellion against Great Britian and became a U.S. state.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/rhode-island-colony.htm -
Maryland Toleration Act
Granted religious freedom to all who believed in the Trinity and that Jesus is the son of God. The law made it a crime to jeer at other believers, deny the Trinity, or reject Christ's sonship. This act was harsh and restrictive, but provided more religious freedom for colonists in Maryland than those in England.
http://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1601-1700/maryland-toleration-act-11630122.html -
Carolina
One of the Southern Colonies. King Charles II granted the rights to the colony to the Lord Proprietors. Colonists from England and the Caribbean, and French Protestants from France and New France settled there. In 1712, Carolina was separated into the two colonies of North and South Carolina. North Carolina continued to be a colony of small farms and South Carolina developed large plantations.
http://www.watertown.k12.ma.us/cunniff/americanhistorycentral/05europeansinnamerica/The_Carolinas.html -
New York
One of the four Middle Colonies. Founded by Peter Minuit in 1626 on Manhattan Island and was originally a Dutch colony known as New Amsterdam. When it was surrendered to the English, it was renamed after the Duke of York.
http://www.softschools.com/facts/13_colonies/new_york_colony_facts/2043/ -
Bacon's Rebellion
A civil war between the Virginians. It was caused by the frontier settlers' dissatisfaction and resentment of Governor Berkeley's policies. Nathaniel Bacon encouraged farmers to attack innocent Native Americans and ultimately rebelled against the colonial government.
http://www.virginiaplaces.org/military/baconsrebellion.html -
Pennsylvania
One of the Middle Colonies. Founded by William Penn and other colonists. The reason for founding this colony was based on religious beliefs. Named by King Charles II after Admiral Sir William Penn, and the Latin word meaning woodland- "Sylvania." Existed until 1776 when it joined the other colonies in the rebellion against Great Britian.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/pennsylvania-colony.htm -
Great Awakening (1730s)/Enlightenment
The Great Awakening was an outburst of Protestant revivalism in the British Atlantic. This was started by Jonathan Edward and George Whitefield contributed to it. It caused a split between those who followed the evangelical message and those who rejected it. The Enlightenment was an intellectual and cultural movement that emphasized reason and science over blind faith. John Locke, Isaac Newton, and Voltaire contributed to this movement.
http://philschatz.com/us-history-book/contents/m50015.html -
Salem Witch Trials
Began after a group of girls claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused other local women of being witches. The Parris' slave, Tituba, Sarah Good, and Sarah Osborn were arrested. Hysteria spread through Massachusetts as more and more girls endured violent contortions and uncontrollable outbursts of screaming. The trials ended in 1693.
http://www.history.com/topics/salem-witch-trials -
French-Indian War
-
Albany Plan
A plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government. The British government would appoint a "President General," and the colonial governments would select members of a "Grand Council." This plan never became a reality. However, it was the first important proposal to acknowledge the colonies as a collective whole united under one government.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
Period: to
French-Indian War
Also known as the Seven Years' War. France's expansion into the Ohio River Valley repeatedly conflicted with the claims of the British colonies, especially Viriginia. The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the war. As a result, the British received Canada from France and Florida from Spain, but allowed France to keep its West Indian islands and gave Louisiana to Spain. This opened the Mississippi Valley to westward expansion.
http://www.history.com/topics/french-and-indian-war -
Proclamation of 1763
The British issued this proclamation at the end of the French and Indian War to conciliate the Indians by checking the intrusion of settlers on their lands. This proclamation closed down colonial expansion westward. It was introduced as a temporary measure, but its economic benefits for Britian caused ministers to keep it until the Revolution. Now it's one of the cornerstones of Native American law in the U.S. and Canada.
http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of
