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The Copernican Revolution
One of his more well known books was titled "The Copernican Revolution." In this book, Kuhn into some great detail on how the Church effected Astronomy. On page 108 of his book he refers to multiple bible verses that depicted the way the earth and solar system should look. If a scientist was influenced by religion it is possible his opinions were swayed by these verses rather than actual scientific evidence and experimentation. It is very beneficial that Kuhn pointed this out. -
Paradigm Shifts
Thomas Kuhn stated that in order for a paradigm shift to occur, four phases had to happen (he goes over this in his book "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions"). Phase one is called normal science, where scientists are going about everything as normal. Phase two is the model crisis phase, where scientists will do anything to come up with a solution to a problem that was found during phase one. -
Paradigm Shifts Continued
Phase three is the model revolution. The reason that this phase is referred to as a revolution is because the old ways of thinking are so stuck in peoples heads that they require a revolution to change. Phase four is the paradigm shift, which happens when the old ways of thinking have been replaced. Check out this YouTube video about Kuhn's structure of scientific revolutions for more information: (https://www.thwink.org/sustain/glossary/KuhnCycle.htm) -
Incommensurability
In Thomas Kuhn's various works, three kinds of incommensurability are present. One is methodological, there is no way of measuring this because the evaluation and comparison methods change. Two is observational, this cannot be a basis for comparison because it is theory-dependent. Three is semantic, "the fact that the languages of theories from different periods of normal science may not be inter-translatable presents an obstacle to the comparison of those theories" (Stanford Encyclopedia).
