-
Popper vs Kuhn
Unlike Karl Popper, who held that scientists were always trying to prove their own work wrong and that being critical was essential in being a scientist, Thomas Kuhn founded the idea that scientists and science did not have to be critical. Kuhn published his book "The Structure of Scientific Revolution (1962)" detailing his theory the phases of science. Kuhn believed science worked like solving a puzzle. Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure Of Scientific Revolutions. University Of Chicago Press, 1970. -
Thomas Kuhn Phases 1 and 2 of Science
Thomas Kuhn, unlike Karl Popper, did not believe that scientists were always busy and that science was critical all the time. Instead, Kuhn believed that science works in phases which he called paradigm shifts. The first phase is where scientists conduct their work as normal with no change. The second phase is when scientists come across anomalies and try to find a solution to it with the knowledge that they already have ("Thomas Kuhn (Stanford Encyclopedia Of Philosophy)"). -
Thomas Kuhn Phases 3 and 4 of Science
The third phase is when scientists are doing research and finding a solution to the anomaly. The fourth phase is when the old knowledge is replaced with the new knowledge. Kuhn called this a "paradigm" and he believed that these phases continued endlessly. Whenever the fourth phase would end and the new knowledge is in place, phase one would begin until more anomalies pop up and the knowledge that once was new is replaced with newfound information on the subject. -
Thomas Kuhn, Normal Science
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOGZEZ96ynI
This video, made by Leiden University, is excellent at detailing what Thomas Kuhn was known for. It starts off with how Kuhn believes that the idea that science is critical was an illusion. It then goes on to explain his phases of science, emphasizing the normal science phase where people are not critical about a paradigm in a specific field of science and what a paradigm is ("Chapter 2.1: Thomas Kuhn, Normal Science").
