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Underground Railroad
The Underground railroad helped many slaves escape, they escaped through states such as Maryland, Kentucky and Virginia. People were led out by conductors, hiding places they used were churches and schools. Popular routes were going west through Ohio to Indiana and Iowa, another well used one was the route stretching North through Pennsylvania and to New England. It roughly began in the 1780's and ended around 1862 it freed 6,000 slaves.
www.history.com/topics/black-history/underground-railroad -
Invention of the cotton gin
Eli Whitney was the inventor of the cotton gin. The machine greatly increased the production of cotton. It made the process a lot quicker by separating seeds from cotton fiber.
www.history.com/topics/inventions/cotton-gin-and-eli-whitney -
Missouri Compromise
Congress trying to defuse the sectional and political rivalries. The request by Missouri is what triggered this. They wanted slavery to be allowed to their state.
www.history.com/topics/missouri-compromise -
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Tariff of 1828 and Nullification Crisis
In 1828 a protective tariff was passed by congress. The south was very angry because their feelings were that it only benefited the north. The confrontation of South Carolina and the federal government was known as the Nullification Crisis.
www.american-historama.org/1829-1841-jacksonian-era/nullification-crisis.htm -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Was the only slave that led an effective slave rebellion, it spread terror through the south. Turner was sold 3 times throughout his childhood. He was convinced by the eclipse that his time to rebel had come. About 75 slaves killed 51 white people. 56 blacks who were accused oh helping were executed.
www.history.com/topics/black-history/nat-turner -
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The Liberator is published
A newspaper The Liberator was published by William Lloyd Garrison in Massachusetts. He also wrote some anonymous articles, and started publishing his own newspaper. The first issue had the motto: Our country is the world our countrymen are mankind. He advocated the emancipation of slaves. overall there are seven different parts of the Liberator they range from starting in 1831 to 1865.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Liberator-American-newspaper -
Wilmot Proviso
The Wilmot Proviso was created to wipe out slavery, in the area of land gained as a result of the Mexican war. Frightened of a pro slave territory congress men Wilmot offered his amendment. Democrats divided over slavery, and had resented Polk's willingness to allow the Oregon dispute.
www.ushistory.org/us/30a.asp -
Compromise of 1850
The compromise of 1850 is made up of five different laws, they all had at least something to do with slavery. California would like to be part of the union but as a free state, which would mess up the balance between free states and states with slavery. The fugitive slave act was put in place and the slave trade in Washington was exterminated. Also an act was passed for settling a boundary dispute between Texas and New Mexico.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Compromise-of-1850 -
Uncle Tom's Cabin is Published
Harriet Breecher Stowe's book Uncle Tom's Cabin was an anti- slavery novel published in 1852. Stowe was born in 1811, she taught in Hartford from 1827 until 1832. She encountered slaves, that is why she later wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin. The story is about a slave trader who sells a man named Tom and his son, Harry. Tom is a honest and faithful guy. The wife of the slave trader overhears and decides to take the two and run away.
http://bit.ly/2hGkJaQ -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansas-Nebraska act revoked the Missouri compromise,
allowing slavery in the north. It demanded that the slavery issue would be decided by the residents. After the bill was passed on may 30 1854, violence broke out between the pro slavery group and the anti slavery group. Anti slavery held one more election but the pro slavery group wouldn't vote. So the result was two different legislative groups.
www.historyplace.com/lincoln/kansas.htm -
Brooks-Sumner Event
Senator Charles Sumner was well known for his passion and devotion to the cause of civil rights, he was an anti slavery leader. Sumner fought for integration within public schools. He was also busy as he was active in political protests. Sumner had a lot of conflicts with different people. Preston Brooks violently attacks Sumner with a cane over a speech that he didn't like that Sumner gave.
www.history.com/topics/charles-sumner -
Dred Scott Decision
The United States supreme court made a decision to the Dred Scott Case allowing slave holders to take their slaves into western areas. Dred Scott was a slave who was owned by an army doctor, who had spent time in Illinois and Wisconsin. The court stated that whether Scott was in Illinois or Wisconsin he was still not free. According to the law he was the property of the owner and could not be taken away legally.
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/dred-scott-decision -
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Many people have regarded the series of debates between Douglas and Lincoln, all together there was a total of seven. The issues that were discused were important from the conflict of slavery to the influence of political discourse. A thing that is largely overlooked is that the debates were part of a larger campaign.
https://www.nps.gov/liho/learn/historyculture/debates.htm -
John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry
John Brown led a small group during a raid on federal armory in Harper's ferry. His intentions were to start an armed slave revolt. He was part of an anti slavery family. During the 1850s Brown went to Kansas with his five sons to go against pro slavery groups. On 5/25 Brown took his sons and they raided three cabins and killed five men with swords one son didn't make it. His group grew to about 22 people and on 10/16 they raided the arsenal.
www.history.com/topics/harpers-ferry -
Election of 1860
Abraham Lincoln was elected as the 16th president of the U.S. He was the first republican to win the presidency. In the election he was going against Douglas. When announced that Lincoln won victory signaled the secession of the southern states. For saving the union and finally putting an end to slavery, Lincoln is recognized as one of the greatest presidents.
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/abraham-lincoln-elected-president -
Fort Sumter is fired upon
The civil war began when confederates, fired shots on Fort Sumter in South Carolina. The fort was the source of all the tension between the union and confederacy. The state made demands that the fort would have to be turned over but the union officials refused. The star of the west attempted to reach Fort Sumter, but shots were fired and drove them away. Sumter was a symbol of sovereignty.
www.historynet.com/battle-of-fort-sumte -
Bleeding Kansas
Bleeding Kansas is the term that we use to describe a period of violence. Pro slavery and free state settlers poured into Kansas to try ans persuade the decision on whether states could choose to be free or not. Violence broke out when both sides fought for control. Conflict in Kansas followed the political polarization. Kansas suffered the highest death rate.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Bleeding-Kansas-United-States-history -
Secession of the Southern States
During the civil war there were 11 confederate southern states. They produced a great war, but were defeated in 1865. They believed slavery was the only way to life and they were threatened by Lincoln being elected. Alabama, Texas, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Mississippi, and Louisiana all seceded from the union during the war. They were later joined by Arkansas, Tennessee, Virginia and North Carolina.
www.ushistory.org/us/32e.asp
