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Laissez Faire
Laissez Faire Capitalism is a doctrine opposing governmental interference in economic affairs not going beyond the minimum.In order to maintain the peace and property rights and fix the argued problem with oil prices, laissez-faire decreased meaning the government leaves the people alone regarding all economic activities.Separating economy and state. The two ways that governments typically are tempted to interfere with the economic restrictions in the form of tariffs and government monopolies. -
Cornelius Vanderbilt
The railroad owner who built a railway connecting Chicago and New York. He popularized the use of steel rails in his railroad, which made railroads safer and more economical. This man was one of the few railroad owners to be fair and not a Robber Barron.With low education he was smart when it came to welding & expanding old eastern networks, His millions were made in steamboating and late 60's railroading.Founded a University,He offered superior service at low rates and was extremely successful. -
John Deere
John Deere developed the first commercially successful company and was the founder of john deere and company.This was the biggest manufacturer of agricultural equipment in the world Deere was an American blacksmith that was responsible for inventing the steel plow. This new plow was much stronger than the old iron version; therefore, it made plowing farmland in the west easier, making expansion faster.The steel plow significantly decreased the labor needed to plow the hard fields. -
Andrew Carnegie
A Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist who founded the Carnegie Steel Company in 1892. By 1901, his company dominated the American steel industry and set the standard for new steel mills. Carnegie was an advocate of Social Darwinism and believed that unrestricted competition would eliminate weak businesses. He also thought that a concentration of wealth was a natural result of capitalism, but that it should be given back to society. ECONOMIC & CULTURAL. -
John Rockefeller
Rockefeller Founded the Standard Oil Company and became one of the world’s richest men & a major philanthropist.While in New York this philanthropist lived in modest circumstances and entered the oil business in 1863 investing in a Cleveland, Ohio, refinery. By 1870, he established Standard Oil, which by the early 1880s controlled some 90 percent of U.S. refineries and pipelines. Rockefeller was accused of doing unethical practices in order to gain a monopoly & in 1911 laws made him resolve them -
Bessemer Process
A process for converting iron into the much more durable and versatile steel the process consisted of blowing air through molten iron to burn out the impurities.It was now possible for the production of steel in great quantities and large dimensions used in the manufacture of locomotives, steel rails, and girder of construction to tall buildings.The price of steel dropped dramatically for production to be done with relative ease. -
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Transforming the West
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Jane Addams
Founder of Settlement House Movement. First American Woman to earn Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of Women's International League for Peace and Freedom. Jane Addams was a middle-class woman. The Hull House was settlement house that she installed in a ghetto in Chicago.The house inspired many other like settlements across the country, while Addams spent her life battling for garbage removal, playgrounds, better street lighting, and police protection.She was a great example of work to poor -
Homestead Act
The Homestead Act was a law that opened up settlement in the Western United States allowing any American including freed slaves, single women, and landless farmers to claim 160 acres free of federal land. As the years continued more land was being claimed and ten percent of the government held the property for 420,000 square miles of territory. Unfortunately, this act gave no resolution to the poverty and only a few laborers and farms could afford the land. In the end everyone was given a chance -
Henry Ford
Henry Ford was an American captain of industry and a business magnate, developing the mass-produced Model-T car, which sold at an affordable price.The founder of the Ford Motor Company, It pioneered the use of the assembly line. Also greatly increased his worker's wages and instituted many modern concepts of regular work hours and job benefits.The car was sturdy, reliable, inexpensive. In 1914, he announced that he would pay workers $5 a day. Ford now had many customers and workers were pleased -
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Becoming an Industrial Power
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Promontory Point, Utah
In Utah, the railway lines that were built by two corporations; Union and Central Pacific meet.The Union building the west and the Central building the East came together and the first transcontinental railroad line is completed also contributing to the integration of the Western territories and unto the rest of the unions helping with the development of the Great Plains. The Golden Spike national historic site shares stories of people and settings completing the first Transcontinental Railroad. -
Red River War
This was a campaign launched by the military of the United States Army in the year of 1874. This war was used to remove the Native American tribes like Comanche, Kiowa, Southern Cheyenne, and Arapaho from Southern Plains. The tribes were then forced to relocate to the reservations In the Indian Territory. Because buffalo hunters trespassed on the land granted to the Indians the Native food supply was lost leading to the end of life for Southern plains and decimated the buffalo population. -
Farmer's Alliance
An organization that united farmers at the statewide and regional level This was the first "national" organization of the farmers, which led to the creation of the Populist party.the National Farmers’ Alliance and Industrial Union, comprised of white farmers of the South; the National Farmers’ Alliance, comprised of white and black farmers of the Midwest and High Plains and the Colored Farmers’ National Alliance and Cooperative Union, comprised of African-American farmers of the South. -
Battle of Little Big Horn
The Battle of Little Big Horn was fought near the Little Big Horn mirror in Montanna Territory the federal troops were led by Lt.George Custer to battle Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. Since the discovery of Gold on the Natives land tensions have been rising.Many tribes missed the deadline to move reservations the U.S. Army, including Custer and his 7th Calvary, was dispatched to confront them. Unknowingly Custer didn't know the number of Indians fighting in Sitting Bull and was outnumbered. -
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The Gilded Age
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Exodusters
African Americans who migrated from Southern states along the Mississippi River and settled out West to states like Kanas in the nineteenth century were given the name "Exodusters" as a part of the Exoduster movement or Exodus of 1879. The African American wanted to leave the South when freedom was gained after Civil War.This was one of the first human migrations for the blacks and this movement was supported by plenty of prominent figures. -
Horizontal Integration
A process of companies increased production of goods or services in the same part of the supply chain. A company may need to expand this process can lead to a monopoly if a company captures the majority of the market for that product or service.The combination of many firms engages in the same type of business into one large corporation. Rockefeller was excellent with using this technique to monopolize certain markets. It is responsible for the majority of his wealth. -
Assassination Of James A. Garfield
President James A. Garfield was remembered as one of the four "lost presidents" after the civil war.As President, he strengthened Federal authority over the New York Customs House. Less than 4 months of taking office he was assassinated when a drifter named Charles Guiteau shot newly inaugurated in the back at a downtown train station. Garfield would cling to life for 79 agonizing days, but a severe infection led to his death.His assassination led to the Pendleton Civil Service Reform of 1883. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
President Chester A. Arthur signed one of the first laws preventing a specific ethnic group migration.By making this a federal law in the United States, this law prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers, placed new requirements on Chinese who already entered the country &To leave the U.S they had to obtain certifications to re-enter.Because The Chinese were defined as “skilled and unskilled laborers and Chinese employed in mining.”Very few Chinese could enter the country under the 1882 act -
Buffalo Bill Wild West Show
William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody opened at Buffalo Bill's Wild West show on May 19, 1883, at Omaha, Nebraska. This was a successful show that popularized Wild West shows, it consisted of a former Pony Express rider and Indian fighter, and the hero of popular dime novels for children. This show romanticized the West and the life of the cowboy which reenacted famous frontier events and life in the west. Cowboys engaged in mock battles with Indians, reinforcing the dime-novel image of the West. -
Great Upheaval of 1886
This wave of labor protests and strikes affected all of the nations.These revolts lasted until the end of the Revolution. This event was significant because it brought about the workers union and several other revolts about the quality of work. This affected the quality of work later in American history.This economic depression caused unemployment and wage cuts.For example, the Haymarket Riot that occurred in May of 1886 killed and wounded officers attributing to anarchist wanting chaos. -
Dawes Severalty Act
This act of 1887 provided the elimination of most tribal ownership of land and the allotment of tracts to individual owners:160 acres to the head of a family, 80 acres to a single adult or orphan, 40 acres to each dependent child.This act allowed the president to survey any Indian land and divide the land into individual ownership. It also allowed the purchase of "excess land" that the Indians didn't need, Although Dawes intentions were to save the natives this act resulted in the worst harm. -
Interstate Commerce Commission
A U.S federal law that was made to regulate the railroad industry, This Act required that railroad rates be "reasonable and just," but did not empower the government to fix specific rates.The establishment of the federal government right to oversee railroad activities required railroads to be public and their rate schedules to file them w/ the government. It established a 5 member Interstate Commerce The law was largely ineffective because it had to rely on the courts to enforce its rulings -
Silver Act
In the late 19th century, years of falling prices and economic contraction gave rise to a strongly pro silver wing of the Democratic Party.This act was compromised between the western silver agitators and the eastern protectionists. The Westerners agreed to support a higher tariff. It ordered the Treasury to buy 4.5 million ounces of silver monthly.These silver Democrats advocated the notion that the free coinage of silver would combat deflation and promote economic expansion. -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
First legislation enacted by the United States Congress (1890) to curb concentrations of power that interfere with trade and reduce economic competition. It was named for U.S. Senator John Sherman of Ohio, who was an expert on the regulation of commerce. This act was intended to control business monopolies that conspire to restrain US trade. The act also allowed injunctions which are court orders. The court order either require or forbid an action of one party against another, court can restrain -
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Imperialism
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Wounded Knee
This was a battle between the U.S. military and the Sioux Indians, this war happen at the location of Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota.This battle started when the Sioux left the reservation in protest due to death of Sitting Bull.Sources believe an Indian may have fired the first shot resulting in a massacre by General Nelson A. Miles where about 300 Sioux men, women, and children died.The massacre at Wounded Knee was the last major battle of the Indian Wars of the late 19th century. -
Queen Liliuokalani
Liliʻuokalani was the 1st queen and last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, ruling from January 29, 1891, until the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii on January 17, 1893. opposed the annexation of Hawaii to the US;She insisted that native Hawaiians should control the Islands while American planters renewed their efforts to secure the annexation of Hawaii to the U.S. in 1893, she was kicked out of the government; Hawaii was desperately needed as a naval base The last reigning queen of Hawaii. -
Motion Picture Camera
"Thomas Edison Invented the phonograph, the motion picture camera, motions pictures, and the stock ticker. Perfected the incandescent light bulb. Edison began working on motion pictures after seeing a lecture by Eadweard Muybridge, who used his zoopraxiscope to simulate the motion of animals. Edison's discussion with Muybridge stimulated him to take up the subject of moving pictures, he sought to design "an instrument that does for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear. -
Depression of 1893
Serious economic depression beginning in 1893.Similar to the Panic of 1873, this panic was marked by the collapse of railroad overbuilding and shaky railroad financing which set off a series of bank failures causing bank failures. Was the worst economic collapse in the history of the country until that point, and, some say, as bad as the Great Depression of the 1930s. the Sherman Act required the U.S. Treasury to purchase silver using notes backed by either silver or gold gold then declined -
Henry Cabot Lodge
Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he was a leader in the fight against participation in the League of Nations.Was an American Republican Congressman and historian from Massachusetts. A member of the prominent Lodge family, he received his PhD in history from Harvard University. best known for his positions on foreign policy,(battle with President Woodrow Wilson in 1919 over the Treaty of Versailles. )Failure of the treaty meant U.S didn't enter league of nations. -
World's Colombian Exposition 1893
The World’s Columbian Exposition of 1893 was the first world’s fair held in Chicago.The exposition was a major milestone. Congress awarded Chicago the opportunity to host the fair over the other candidate cities of New York, Washington D.C. and St. Louis, Missouri. More than 150k people passed through the grounds each day during its 6-month run, making it larger than all of the U.S. world’s fairs that preceded it displayed the White City's downtown area and the progress of American civilization. -
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Progressive Era
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Klondike Gold Rush
Between 1896 and 1899 an estimated 100,000 prospectors migrated to the Klondike region of the Yukon in North-Western Canada. The miners located there discovered gold on the date of August 16, 1896.The following year San Francisco and Seattle received the news and stampedes were caused. Some miners became wealthy but the majority arrived after the best gold fields were claimed.The Klondike Gold Rush ended in 1899 after gold was discovered in Nome, Alaska prompting an exodus from the Klondike -
Plessy v. Ferguson
The case was extremely important. It was a legal case in which the Supreme Court decided that "separate but equal" facilities satisfied the guarantees of 14th Amendment, giving legal sanction to "Jim Crow" segregation laws.This landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal" by a 7 to1 majority advancement. -
Election of 1896
The United States presidential election of 1896 was a presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 1896. Former Governor William McKinley, the Republican candidate, defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan. Mckinley won because he had big bosses behind him.McKinely supported the gold standard and was a member of the House. Known for the Mckinley Tariff of 1900 and the Protective Tariff. Mckinley campaigned from his front porch at the advising of his campaign manager Mark Hanna. -
William McKinley
This Republican candidate defeated William Jennings Bryan in the 1896 presidential election.McKinley served in the U.S. Congress and as governor of Ohio before running for the presidency. As a supporter of big business, he pushed for high protective tariffs. Under his leadership, the U.S. became an imperial world power president responsible for Spanish-American War, Philippine-American War, and the Annexation of Hawaii.Foregin policies opened doors; He was assassinated by an anarchist in 1901. -
George Dewey
He is best known for his victory at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War.George Dewey was Admiral of the Navy, the only person in United States history to have attained the rank.Dewey reached the rank of lieutenant commander.U.S. naval commander who led the American attack on the Philippines Was Admiral of the Navy, By the end of the war, his victory shed light on the adjusted purpose of war with Spain from just freeing Cuba to stripping Spain of all of its colonies -
Battle of Manilla Bay
First Battle of the Spanish-American War in the Philippines;The Battle of Manila Bay took place on 1 May 1898, during the Spanish–American War. The American Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey engaged and destroyed the Spanish Pacific Squadron under Contraalmirante Patricio Montojo. Marked the end of the wooden navy, US Steel Navy destroyed Spanish navy with one US fatalities decisive US victory under Commodore George Dewey (US steel ships vs. Spanish wooden ships) -
Battle of San Juan Hill/San Juan Heights
This was the bloodiest and most famous battle of the war and the greatest victory of the Rough Riders as claimed by Roosevelt. The Battle of San Juan Hill, aka the battle for the San Juan Heights, was a decisive battle of the Spanish–American War. A hill near Santiago de Cuba, the scene of a decisive 1 July 1898 battle during the Spanish-American War. The Rough Riders played a central role in the victory but for also supported by black soldiers of the 24th and 25th infantry regiments. -
Treaty of Paris (1898)
The Treaty of Paris of 1898 was an agreement made in 1898 that involved Spain relinquishing nearly all of the remaining Spanish Empire this agreement says Spain wouldn't rule over Cuba.The U.S became a world power after getting Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines bringing an end to the Spanish-American war. American negotiators startled the Spanish by demanding that they also cede the Philippines to the U.S, an offer for the islands softened Spain's resistance. The Spanish accepted the terms. -
War in the Philippines
It was a continuation of the Philippine struggle for independence and descended into a savage guerrilla war in which the United States ultimately defeated the Philippine rebels fought to quell Filipino resistance to American control of the Philippine Islands. The Philippine–American War was an armed conflict between the 1st Philippine Republic and the U.S from 1899-1902. Filipino guerrilla soldiers finally gave up when their leader, Emilio Aguinaldo, was captured. -
Emilio Aguinaldo
He proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the United States Army in 1901. Emilio Aguinaldo was a Filipino revolutionary, politician, and a military leader who is officially recognized as the first and the youngest President of the Philippines and first president of a constitutional republic in Asia.The leader of the Filipino independence movement against Spain (1895-1898) Aguinaldo's forces remained apart from U.S. troops. -
Wizard Of Oz
This movie Symbolizes all the people without a voice. Dorothy is "you." Tornado symbolizes the economic depression-it's natural. The munchkins represent slavery into freedom (because Dorothy freed them)Yellow Brick Road, The Gold Standard Silver Shoes, Silver Coinage Cowardly Lion, William Jennings BryanThe Wizard of Oz William McKinley Wicked Witch of the East A Banker Boss Wicked Witch of the West A Railroad Baron Winged Monkeys The Plains Indians The Cat and the Mouse Imperialism. -
Teddy Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt was an American statesman who served as the 26th President of the U.S from 1901 to 1909.He was known for conservationism, trust-busting "Square Deal," Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War.when William McKinley was assassinated. He took over the presidency and became the youngest man ever to assume the presidency. Never openly rebelled against the leaders of his party. Became a champion of cautious, moderate change. -
William Randolph Hearst
American journalist,politician,and newspaper publisher another writer and creator of the Yellow Press.Was an American businessman, who built the nation's largest newspaper chain and media company Hearst Communications and deceiving the people to believe that the problems in Cuba were worse than they actually were methods of yellow journalism influenced the nation's popular media by emphasizing sensationalism and human interest the introduction of large headlines and sensational reporting changed -
Russo-Japanese War
Becoming the first Asian power in modern times to defeat a European power. Began in 1904, but neither side could gain a clear advantage and win. Both sent reps to Portsmouth, NH where T.Roosevelt mediated Treaty of New Hampshire in 1905.The Russo–Japanese War was fought between the Russian Empire and the Empire of Japan over a rivalry in Manchuria and Korea.Russia and Japan were fighting over Korea, Manchuria, etc. TR won the Nobel peace prize for his efforts, the 1st pres. to do something -
Schlieffen Plan
Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen, the Chief of the Imperial Army German General Staff from 1891 to 1906,Attack plan by Germans, proposed by Schliffen, lightning quick attack against France. devised a deployment plan for a war-winning offensive, in a one-front war against the French Third Republic from 1905–06. Proposed to go through Belgium then attack France, Belgium resisted, other countries took up their aid, long fight, used trench warfare. -
Meat Inspection Act (1906)
The 1906 Meat Inspection Act meant that the preparation of meat shipped over state lines would be subject to federal inspection throughout the whole of the meat making process.This law makes it a crime to adulterate or misbrand meat and meat products being sold as food, and ensures that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions. the law set strict standards of cleanliness in the meatpacking industry.established a meat system so cleanliness was required. -
Muller v. Oregon
Oregon passed a law that said that women could work no more than 10 hours a day in factories and laundries. Muller was convicted of violating the law. His appeal eventually was heard in the U.S Muller v. Oregon and was a landmark decision by the U.S Supreme Court. men allotted to Whether the Constitution permits states to pass laws to protect the health of workers. In 1903, Oregon passed a law that said that women could work no more than 10 hours a day in factories and laundries. -
William Howard Taft
William Howard Taft served as the 27th President of the United States and as the 10th Chief Justice of the United States, the only person to have held both offices supported conservatism rather than progressivism angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt's support and was defeated for a second term.The 16th amendment was passed because of him rejected offers of the supreme court, passed 16th amendment, & tariffs were raised -
Bull Moose Party
The Progressive Party was a 3rd party in the U.S formed in 1912 by former President Teddy Roosevelt after he lost the presidential nomination of the Republican Party President William Howard Taft.The Republicans were badly split in the 1912 election, so Roosevelt broke away forming his own Progressive Party (or Bull Moose Party because he was "fit as a bull moose..."). His loss led to the election of Democratic nominee Woodrow Wilson, but he gained more third-party votes than ever before. -
17th Amendment
The 17th Amendment came about during the Progressive Era.This 17th Amendment of the U.S Constitution established the popular election of U.S Senators by the people of the states.During this time reformers were pushing to clean up health standards, improve moral standards, elevate American education and fight corruption in state and local governments,popular election of Senators became part of that campaign.The Senate of the U.S composed of 2 Senators from each State and each Senator has 1 vote. -
Election of 1912
In this election, the Democrats nominated Woodrow Wilson, giving him a strong progressive platform called the "New Freedom" program. The U.S presidential election of 1912 was the 32nd quadrennial presidential election, held on November 5, 1912.The Republicans were split between Taft and Roosevelt's Bull Moose Party with its "New Nationalism" program. By the division of the Republican Party, a Democratic victory was ensured. Woodrow Wilson won. The next 6 years minority thrust for the Republicans -
President Woodrow Wilson
The US most powerful country in world, declared neutrality to get U.S. to end war, asked for declaration of war, associated power of allies, main goal was to create a new structure of peace, 28th president of the U.S, known for WW1 leadership, created Federal Reserve,Trade Commission, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly),Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification won Nobel Peace Prize -
Federal Reserve Act
This Act was signed into law by President Wilson established in December 1913. Congress created and established the Federal Reserve System (the central banking system of the United States), and which created the authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes (commonly known as the US Dollar) as legal tender.was designed to safeguard the US economy It regulated banking to help smaller banks stay in business. Federal Reserve System operating under a supervisory board in Washington. -
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World War 1
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Franz Ferdinand was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia and, from 1896 until his death.From Austria-Hungary He and his wife visit the city of Sarajevo.Conspirators, members of the Black Hands, waited in the streets for him to kill him b/c they wanted Bosnia to be free of Austria-Hungary and to become part of a large Serbian kingdom. Gavrilo Princep eventually succeeded in shooting both the archduke and his wife. Causing World War 1. -
Zimmerman Telegram
Sent from Germany's foreign secretary, Arthur Zimmerman, to the German minister in Mexico City; was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office in January 1917 that proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico in the prior event of the United States entering World War I against Germany. Zimmerman urged Mexico to join the Central Powers and in return, they would help Mexico get back the territory that U.S. had acquired; this telegram caused US to enter WWI -
General John Pershing
General of the Armies John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing was a senior United States Army officer.He took on the Meuse-Argonne offensive in 1918 which was one of the longest lasting battles- 47 days in WWI.His most famous post was when he served as the commander of the American Expeditionary Force on the Western Front in World War I, 1917–18.Pershing was an American general who led troops against "Pancho" Villa in 1916. Was made General of the Armies which is the highest rank given to an officer -
Sedition Act
Makes it illegal for anyone to make false statements that interfered with the prosecution of the war, insulting or abusing the US government, flag constitution or military; was an Act of the U.S Congress that extended the Espionage Act of 1917 to cover a broader range of offenses, or interfered with the sale of government bonds.Made it a crime for anyone to write or print articles criticizing the government.This act was aimed at Socialists, pacifists, and other anti-war activists. -
18th Amendment
It is the 1st Amendment to impose a date by which it was to be ratified. If the deadline was not met, the Amendment would be discarded. The ratification was completed on January 16th, 1919 and would take effect on January 17th, 1920.This banned the sale, manufacture, and transportation of alcohol attempted to dissuade people from becoming intoxicated. Before the 18th amendment became law, religious activists, blamed alcohol for violence and other problems that were affecting American families. -
Volstead Act
The Act specified that "no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, furnish or possess any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act." It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquorsClarified law stating that beer, wine, or other intoxicating malt or vinous liquors meant any beverage that was more than 0.5% alcohol by volume and was illegal Treasury Department- It was under-budgeted and largely ineffective, -
Louis Armstrong
Growing up in the early 1900s, Louis had to deal with racism. During this time there were racist laws in some states called Jim Crow laws. These laws separated black people and white people and made it difficult for black people to succeed. Louis didn't let this stop him, however. He focused on his music and would one day become one of the most famous musicians in the world. He was a member of King Oliver's band in the 1920s, & he formed several bands of his own, namely the Hot Fives and Sevens. -
Susan B Anthony
Susan B. Anthony felt that women should have the same rights as men. She became involved in trying to get the government to let women vote and to enact laws that women should have equal rights with men. At first she would speak at conventions and meetings. Then she helped run a civil rights newspaper, with fellow women's activist Elizabeth Cady Stanton, called The Revolution. To continue her fight for women's suffrage, Susan B. Anthony voted in the November 1872 elections. -
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1920's
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Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end.In June 1919, the peacemakers summoned representatives of the new German Republic to the palace of Versailles outside Paris.The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. The Germans were ordered to sign the treaty drawn up by Allies. German reparations would come to over $30 billion dollars. They were forced to assume full responsibility for causing the war. -
National Socialist-German Workers’ Party (NAZI)
A member of the National Socialist German Workers' Party, which controlled Germany from 1933 to 1945 under Adolf Hitler and advocated totalitarian government, territorial expansion, anti-Semitism, and Aryan supremacy, all these leading directly to World War II and the Holocaust.The National Socialist German Workers' Party, commonly referred to in English as the Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945 and practised the ideology of Nazism. -
19th Amendment
The nineteenth amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits any citizen to be denied the right to vote based on gender. It was adopted on August 18, 1920, gave women the right to voteand was ratified in 1920 Tennessee was the last State to approve the amendment in 1919. In 1920 women could go to the voting polls The Who two leading women in the 19th amendment were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.It took over 60 years for this amendment to get ratified. -
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers to form the Triple Alliance Turkey formally entered WW1 with the bombing of Russian Black Sea ports. The Allied Powers declared war on the Ottoman Empire participated in WW1 as one of the Central Powers. The Ottoman Empire entered the war by carrying out a surprise attack on Russia's Black Sea coast with Russia responding by declaring war The Ottoman Empire's defeat in the war in 1918 was crucial in the eventual dissolution of the empire in 1921. -
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was a writer, gifted speaker, and civil rights activist who encouraged black people to have pride in their race. He started a 'Back to Africa' movement, hoping to give African Americans the chance to go back to their motherland of Africa. His ideas became known as 'Garveyism'.Marcus Garvey was an important civil rights activist who inspired many black leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr. In this lesson, discover more about the life and ideas of Marcus Garvey. -
Immigration Act 1924
The percentage quotas were strongly biased towards to the Old Immigrants from North-Western Europe as opposed to the New Immigrants from South-Eastern Europe. The Immigration Act of 1924 shut the 'Golden Door' to America and 87% of immigration permits visas went to immigrants from Britain, Ireland, Germany, and Scandinavia. The law completely excluded immigrants from Asia.The Immigration Act of 1924 made the principle of national origin quotas the permanent basis for U.S. immigration policy. -
Ku Klux Klan
was a group started by 6 civil war officers, the purpose of the group was to kill and intimidate blacks. The direst in white sheets so they would look like the ghosts of dead Confederate soldiers.To maintain slavery. The second KKK was founded in 1915 by William J. Simmons. Its goal was to preserve the white, Protestant civilization and instigate the re-establishment of white supremacy. Gain revenge for the loss of the Civil War against the northern states
KKK wanted blacks to have no equality -
Charles Lindbergh
In 1924, Charles joined the Army Air Service where he received formal training as a pilot. Lindbergh, was an American aviator, military officer, author, inventor, explorer, and environmental activist. After graduating from the army's training school, he took a job as a mail pilot.Charles convinced many businessmen to pay for his airplane to be built. This was a pretty dangerous job On May 20, 1927, Charles took off from New York aboard his plane, the Spirit of St. Louis. -
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin was the dictator of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from 1929 to 1953. Under Stalin, the Soviet Union was transformed from a peasant society into an industrial and military superpower. However, he ruled by terror, and millions of his own citizens died during his brutal reign. Born into poverty, Stalin became involved in revolutionary politics, as well as criminal activities, He created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition to Bolshevik revolutionary, -
Period: to
The Great Depression
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Valentines Day Massacre
From 1924 to 1930, the city of Chicago gained a widespread reputation for lawlessness and violence. Not coincidentally, this phenomenon coincided with the reign of chief crime lord Al "Scarface”Capone, who took over from his boss Johnny Torrio in 1925.The murder of seven mob associates. This was on the south side Italians of Al Capone vs. the north side Irish of Bugs Moran Al Capone "Scarface". Caught for tax evasion. Started the St. Valentines Day Massacre. A crime laboratory built the case -
Herbert Hoover
Republican candidate who assumed the presidency in March 1929 promising the American people prosperity and attempted to first deal with the Depression by trying to restore public faith in the community.Hoover was an American engineer, businessman and politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 during the Great Depression. Herbert Hoover is known for being the president during the stock market crash of 1929 which triggered the start of the Great Depression. -
October 20, 1929
after a rapid rise in stock prices, many shares were traded. This resulted in a rapid fall in the values of stocks.The stock market crash of 1929 was one of the worst stock market crashes in the history of the U.S The value of stocks fell dramatically over the course of several days at the end of October. Many people lost all of their savings and ended up losing their homes. Businesses had to layoff employees or go bankrupt. The crash signaled the start of the Great Depression. -
Darwinism
is a theory of biological evolution developed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin and stating that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.He was a British scientist who was most famous for developing his Theory of Evolution. Besides making a great milestone in the world of science, his theory had an effect on society, which created Social Darwinism. -
The Dust Bowl
Farmers could no longer grow crops as the land turned into a desert. Areas of Kansas, Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas, and New Mexico were all part of the Dust Bowl. A number of factors contributed to the Dust Bowl. The first was a terrible drought (lack of rain) that lasted for many years.The hardest hit by the drought during the 1930's where the soil was so dry it blew away in great clouds of dust.overgrazing, overplowing, severe drought, high heat and winds, grasshoppers and jackrabbits -
Neutrality Acts
The Neutrality Acts of the mid-1930's were a series of laws that were passed in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia. This Act was designed to prevent the U.S.A from being entangled in a possible foreign war. The demand for this type of legislation arose from American's support of the policy of Isolationism and the conviction, the U.S. entry into WWI had been a mistake. The series of Neutrality Acts imposed embargoes on trading in arms and war materials to any countries at war. -
Huey Long “The Kingfish
Huey Long, (Kingfish), was a popular Senator from Louisiana. He claimed the New Deal policies failed to help the common person and proposed a social program called Share Our Wealth. He long argued that the problems facing America were the result of the disparity between the super-rich and everyone else. If Congress created a better distribution of wealth and benefits for workers and the military, the country would thrive. Huey Long planned to run for president but he was assassinated in 1935. -
Glass-Stegall Act
This act forbade commercial banks from engaging in excessive speculation, added $1 billion in gold to economy and established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation The sponsors of the Glass-Steagall Act were Senator Carter Glass of Virginia, and Representative Henry B. Steagall of Alabama.This law most people refer to as the Glass-Steagall Act prohibited commercial banks from engaging in the investment business and created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). -
Election of 1932
The presidential election of 1932 was one of the most pivotal in U.S. history. The economy was in a horrid state. Banks were failing some markets were still recovering from the crash of 1929, and consumer confidence in the economy and in Government's ability to save it were very low.The Republican Party had won the White House in 1920. Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge became President and Vice-president after that election, having defeated the Democratic ticket of James W. Cox and F.D.R . -
Emergency Relief Act
The Federal Emergency Relief Act, passed by Congress at the outset of the New Deal on May 12, 1933. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) was a federal government relief agency that was created by the law to provide relief support to nearly 5 million households each month. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Harry L. Hopkins as director of FERA which was allocated an initial fund of $500 million to help those in need. -
The Holocaust
The Holocaust is one of the most terrible events in human history. It occurred during World War II when Hitler was leader of Germany. Six million Jewish people were murdered by the Nazis. This included as many as 1 million Jewish children. Millions of other people that Hitler didn't like were killed as well. This included Polish people, Catholics, Serbs, and handicapped people. It is thought that the Nazis murdered as many as 17 million innocent people. . -
Adjustment Act (AAA)
The 1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act paid farmers not to grow more than a certain amount of crops and reduce populations of pigs and cattle in order to raise prices. The U.S. Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was a federal law, a farm bill, of the New Deal era. The purpose of the legislation was to provide relief for farmers and other agricultural workers during the Great Depression. Tprices for agricultural commodities such as staple crops and livestock were extremely low. -
21st Amendment
The 21st amendment was an admission of the terrible failure of prohibition, which led to people disrespecting the law and criminals to do well selling illegal alcohol to those that wanted it.Repealing the 18th amendment didn’t make alcohol completely legal through the entire country. Many states decided to keep anti-alcohol laws for a long time after the 21st amendment.This is known as “dry laws.” Even today, there are some restrictions on when and where adults can buy alcohol. -
Dr. Francis Townsend
Health officer in CA.He believed FDR wasn't doing enough to help the poor and elderly. He developed a pension plan that would give monthly benefits to old people. The plan got strong support and undermined FDR. He was an American physician who was best known for his revolving old-age pension proposal during the Great Depression.attracted the trusting support of perhaps 5 million "senior citizens" with his fantastic plan of each senior receiving $200 month. -
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World War II
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The battle of Britain
The Battle of Britain was an important battle in World War II. After Germany and Hitler had conquered most of Europe, including France, the only major country left to fight them was Great Britain. Germany wanted to invade Great Britain, but first, they needed to destroy Great Britain's Royal Air Force. an aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance. -
Pearl Harbor (December 7, 1941)
The Attack on Pearl Harbor happened on December 7th, 1941. Japanese airplanes made a surprise attack on the US Navy in Pearl Harbor. They destroyed many ships and killed many soldiers. It was this attack that forced the United States to enter World War II. Pearl Harbor is located in Hawaii on the island of O'ahu. Hawaii is located in the Pacific Ocean between California and Japan. During the time of World War II, Hawaii was not a state, but a US territory. -
Executive Order 9066
The purpose of Executive Order 9066 was to protect "against espionage and against sabotage to national defense materials". By 1943, more than 110,000 Japanese Americans had been forced to leave their homes and move to Japanese Internment camps in remote inland areas of the United States.Nearly 50 years later Congress passed the 1988 Civil Liberties Act acknowledging that "a grave injustice had been done". -
Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge was a major battle in Europe during World War II. It was Germany's final attempt to drive the Allies off of mainland Europe. Most of the troops involved on the Allied side were American troops. It is considered one of the greatest battles ever fought by the U.S military.German troops were sent across an 85-mile stretch of the Allied front, from southern Belgium into Luxembourg. Allies regained the territory that had fallen to the Germans in early December. -
Little Bomb Boy
At the start of World War II in 1939 the atomic bomb had not yet been invented. However, scientists discovered about that time that a powerful explosion might be possible by splitting an atom. This type of bomb could destroy large cities in a single blast and would change warfare forever.Little Boy was a gun-type fission weapon that used uranium-235, a rare isotope of uranium separated at the Clinton Engineer Works at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. -
Birth Control
While in her 80s, Sanger underwrote the research necessary to create the first human birth control pill.The benefits of these pills are Lighter periods, Clears up acne and cramps, and Offer some protection against Pelvic inflammatory disease. She raised $150,000 for the project. 1960 The first oral contraceptive, Enovid, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as contraception. when sexual activity was no longer "hidden". First time birth control was readily accessible. -
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
A phrase used during WW1 to describe the psychological scars of those who fought such as sweats, nightmares, headaches & fear of something.many soldiers were afflicted with during the war before PTSD itself was a term). It is a reaction to the intensity of the bombardment and fighting that produced a helplessness appearing variously as panic and being scared, or flight, an inability to reason, sleep, walk or talk; diagnosed when a soldier was unable to function & no obvious cause was identified.
