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The Sputnik 1 launched October 4th 1957. It was the first artificial satellite.
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The Sputnik 2 was significant because this space craft held the first living creature, the dog Laika.
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It was the first photo of the far side of the moon. It was the third space probe to be sent to the neighborhood of the moon.
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The Sputnik 5 was the first flight with a plant and animal on it and to return with them alive.
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M-R 2 was the first task performed in space with a Chimpanzee.
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The Vostok 6 had the first women to go up into space.
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Venera 3 was the first impact into another planet witch was Venus.
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The Apollo 11 launched the first human on the Moon and the first space launch from a celestial body.
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The Salyut 1 aws the first space station. After this accident, missions were suspended while the Soyuz spacecraft was redesigned.
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First orbit around Venus. It consisted of an orbiter and a lander.