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Period: to
French and Indian War
-A seven-year war between New France and colonial New England
-An ongoing battle over land and the fur trade won by the English
-Sent Britain into debt causing the enforcement of taxation in the colonies
-Constant war readied individual towns for the battles to come and training local militias
-Colonists learned Native battle tactics that would be integrated into their attacks against the Brittish
-Brittish troops were left in the colonies
-Proclamation of 1763~ Criminalized western expansion -
Sugar Act
-An indirect tax put on sugar and molasses
-Created to decrease smuggling
-Britain issued Writs of Assistance which allowed ships to be searched without a warrant or probable cause
-One of the first major acts of taxation without representation and Brittish imposition on the colonies' rights -
Stamp Act
-A direct tax on all printed goods in the colonies- the main source of media
-Met with resistance from the colonists~
-Stamp Act Congress was founded by Patrick Henry
-Sons of Liberty
-Daughters of Liberty
Boycotting taxed goods
-Non-importation agreements with retailers and store owners
-Sparks aggression and tarring and feathering of tax collectors/ship searchers -
Townshend Acts
-Puts a tax on less popular Commodities~ Glass, Paint, Lead, Tea
-Money from taxes was used to keep troops in the colonies
-Troops in the colonies lead to the Boston Massacre
-Repealed in 4 years except for the tax on tea
-Tax on tea leads to smuggling tea which leas to the Tea Act -
Tea Act
-Upheld the Tax on tea and awarded a monopoly on tea to the Brittish East Indian Tea Company because the company was going bankrupt and smuggling was rampant
-Causes the Boston Tea Party -
Boston Tea Party
-352 Mass colonists dres up as Mowhawk Indians and dump hundreds of chests full of tea into the Boston Harbour as a protest to the Tea act
-Brittish lose $1-3 million of tea
-A shift from mostly peaceful protest to clear civil disobedience giving redcoats reason to use force
-Caused the Intolerable Acts -
Intolerable Acts
-A series of acts that closed the Boston Harbour, took away the colony's right to self-government, allowed soldiers to stay in colonial homes and eat colonists' food
-John Cage becomes governer of Mass
-20k more troops are stationed in the colonies to arrest rebels
-Individual Mass towns start training local militias
-Mass seeks help from the other colonies~ causes the 1st Continental Congress -
1st Continental Congress
-An intercolonial meeting to discuss Brittish threat
-Established unalienable rights
-Mass got support from some Virginian influencers
-Reengage in boycotts and non-importation agreements
Committees of Correspondents enforce participation in boycotts and non-importation agreements
-Creates a supreme system of travel between colonies
-Rebel leaders are waned by the Brittish Army -
Lexington and Concord
-Brittish storm Lexington & Concord in search of munition because of the rising threat of local colonial militias and to prevent a war
-Paul Revier and William Dawes warn Lexington & Concord of the Brittish arrival giving them time to hide munition
-Colonists ambush the Brittish on their way back through Lexington
-Brittish casualties outweigh Colonial casualties
-The first victory for colonists shows other colonies freedom is possible
-Brittish aggression causes the 2nd Continental Congress -
2nd Continental Congress
-2nd intercolonial meeting bc/o Lexington &Concord
-The shift from reconciliation to separation
-John Adams nominates George Washington from Virginia as commander in cheif of colonial forces
-Gets more colonies involved in splitting from England
-Declaration of Independence!!