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Unit 2 Topics
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The French & Indian War. 1754-1763
The 13 colonies had been left alone.
France was more concerned with trading fur, French built forts to keep the english colonies out.
1750 the colonists were moving West over the Appalachian Mountains. -
Treaty of Paris 1763.
This treaty ended the war.
Britain claimed all land east of the Mississippi river. War was very costly.$$$$
Colonists began to settle in the Ohio river valley.
Native Americans responded by attacking. -
Proclamation of 1763
British did not allow colonists to settling West of the Appalachian Mountains.
Stoped trade with Native Americans.
British were low on supplies and couldn't afford another fight. -
Sugar Act 1764.
This hrurt the British West Indes market in molasses and sugar and the market for rum.
The Sugar Act was based off the Stamp Act.
To Tax all sugar goods. -
Stamp Act 1765
The British then created the Stamp Act, requiring all newspapers and legal documents .
These taxas angered the colonists and they managed to force the British to elimate the Stamp Act, and reduce the taxes on sugar.
Got repealed. -
Quatering Act 1765
Made it legal for soldiers to barge/camp out into colonists homes.
It was the duty of local leislatures to fund the expenses.
It was implemented by General Tomas Gage. -
Writs of Assistance
Writs of assistance were court orders that authorized customs officers to conduct general (non-specific) searches of premises for contraband.
The writs were first introduced in Massachusetts in 1751 to strictly enforce the Acts of Trade, the governing rules for commerce in the British Empire. -
Townshend Acts 1767
The Townshend Acts were a series of acts passed beginning in 1767 by the Parliament of Great Britain relating to the British colonies in North America.
The acts are named after Charles Townshend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who proposed the program.
Historians vary slightly in which acts they include under the heading "Townshend Acts", but five laws are often mentioned: the Revenue Act of 1767, the Indemnity Act, the Commissioners of Customs Act, the Vice Admiralty Court Act,+ Newyork act -
Boston Massacre 1770
The Boston Massacre, called the Incident on King Street by the British, was an incident on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers killed five civilian men and injured six others.
Cripus Atuucks was one of the men killed amoung the Boston Massacre.
5 people were charged with attempted murrder. -
Tea Act 1773
The Tea Act was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain
Its principal overt objective was to reduce the massive surplus of tea held by the financially troubled British East India Company in its London warehouses and to help the struggling company survive.
A related objective was to undercut the price of tea smuggled into Britain's North American colonies. -
Boston Tea Party 1773
In Boston, the arrival of three tea ships ignited a furious reaction. The crisis came to a head on December 16, 1773 when as many as 7,000 agitated locals milled about the wharf where the ships were docked.
A mass meeting at the Old South Meeting House that morning resolved that the tea ships should leave the harbor without payment of any duty. A committee was selected to take this message to the Customs House to force release of the ships out of the harbor. -
Intolerable Acts 1774
Stoped all meetings. The acts triggered outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies that later became the United States, and were important developments in the growth of the American Revolution.
Many colonists viewed the acts as an arbitrary violation of their rights, and in September of 1774 they organized the First Continental Congress.
King George did this as punishment for dumping teas into the harbor at the Boston Tea Party. -
First Continental Congress 1774
On May 27, 1774, the Virginia House of Burgesses proposed a continental congress. A special convention was held on August 1 to elect delegates to the meeting in Philadelphia the following month.
When in May, 1774, the Boston Committee of Correspondence circulated letter urging the colonies to stop trading with England.
The First Continental Congress convened in Philadelphia's Carpenters Hall on September 5, 1774. -
Concord 1775.
They went to search for weapons, but didn't find any. Even though the colonists didn't welcome them, not much happened in the city.
They were on their way back to Boston when the Minutemen shot at them from the woods and fields. After the Battle at Lexington, more and more colonists joined the Minutemen as they marched from Lexington to Concord and back again.
Even though neither Lexington or Concord is considered a major battle, the British Army lost a lot of men. -
Lexington 1775.
The first shots were shots of war were fired at Lexington.
The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War.
The militia were outnumbered and fell back, and the regulars proceeded on to Concord, where they searched for the supplies. -
Second Continental Congress 1774.
The Second Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that started meeting on May 10, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, soon after warfare in the American Revolutionary War had begun.
It succeeded the First Continental Congress, which met between September 5, 1774 and October 26, 1774, also in Philadelphia. The second Congress managed the colonial war effort, and moved incrementally towards independence, adopting the US Declaration of Indepandance. -
Fort Ticonderoga 1775
The Capture of Fort Ticonderoga occurred during the American Revolutionary War on May 10, 1775, when a small force of Green Mountain Boys led by Ethan Allen and Colonel Benedict Arnold overcame a small British garrison at the fort and looted the personal belongings of the garrison.
After seizing Ticonderoga, a small detachment captured the nearby Fort Crown Point on May 11.
It impeded communication between northern and southern units of the British Army. -
Battle of Bunker Hill 1775
The Battle of Bunker Hill took place on June 17, 1775, mostly on and around Breed's Hill, during the Siege of Boston early in the American Revolutionary War.
Famous William Prescott from the Patriots says "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes" and was popularized in stories about the battle of Bunker Hill. -
Common Sense 1776
A document published by Thomas Paine that increased colonial public support for the American Revolution.
Common Sense presented the American colonists with an argument for freedom from British rule at a time when the question of seeking independence was still undecided.
He connected independence with common dissenting Protestant beliefs as a means to present a distinctly American political identity. -
Declarartion of Indepandance 1776.
Drafted by Thomas Jefferson between June 11 and June 28, 1776, the Declaration of Independence is at once the nation's most cherished symbol of liberty and Jefferson's most enduring monument.
Was formaly recognized by the American colonists July,4, 1776.
Thomas Jefferson, Bejamin Franklin, and Sammuel Adams help create the Delaration of Independance in Philidelphia. -
Battle of New York 1776
In 1776, the British set forth to subdue the colonies.
They began the effort by recapturing New York. First, they drove Washington off Long Island; then, from lower Harlem.
After this initiative, Washington retreated to White Plains, where for the first time, he was able to hold off the British forces. -
Battle of Trenton 1776
The Battle of Trenton took place on December 26, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War, after General George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River north of Trenton, New Jersey.
The hazardous crossing in adverse weather made it possible for Washington to lead the main body of the Continental Army against Hessian soldiers garrisoned at Trenton.
After a brief battle, nearly the entire Hessian force was captured, with negligible losses to the Americans. -
Battle of Princeton 1777
On the night of January 2, 1777 George Washington, Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, repulsed a British attack at the Battle of the Assunpink creek in Trenton.
Lord Cornwallis was the leader.
Brigadier General Hugh Mercer of the Continental Army, clashed with two regiments under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Charles Mawhood of the British Army. -
Winter at Valley Forge 1777-1778
In the fall of 1777, General George Washington's Continental Army moved south from New Jersey to defend the capital of Philadelphia from the advancing forces of General William Howe.
Clashing at Brandywine on September 11, Washington was decisively defeated, leading the Continental Congress to flee the city. Fifteen days later, after outmaneuvering Washington, Howe entered Philadelphia unopposed. -
Battle of Saratoga 1777
Known as the turning point of Revolutionary War.
The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) conclusively decided the fate of British General John Burgoyne's army in the American War of Independence and are generally regarded as a turning point in the war.
Saratoga, New York. Burgoyne's campaign to divide New England from the southern colonies had started well, but slowed due to logistical problems. -
Battle of Yorktown 1781
Battle of Yorktown, or Surrender of Yorktown, the latter taking place on October 19, 1781, was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by Lieutenant General Lord Cornwallis.
In 1780, 5,500 French soldiers landed in Rhode Island to assist their American allies in operations against British-controlled New York City.
French+ American armies united -
Treaty of Paris 1783
The other combatant nations, France, Spain and the Dutch Republic had separate agreements; for details of these, and the negotiations which produced all four treaties, see Peace of Paris (1783).
On September 3, Great Britain also signed separate agreements with France and Spain, and (provisionally) with the Netherlands.
The treaty is named for the city in which it was negotiated and signed.
