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1420
Papacy returns to Rome from France
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1440
Printing Press Invented
Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press -
1453
Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople
Ottoman conquest of Constantinople: many Greek thinkers and works travel westward, seen as a moment of massive cultural transfer between east and west; end of Hundred Years War: stability returns to northwest Europe -
1454
Gutenberg
Johan Gutenburg prints the Gutenburg Bible -
1464
Lorenzo de Medici
Rules over Florence -
1469
Spanish Kingdoms Unite Aragon and Castile
Ferdinand and Issabella's marriage unite the kingdoms of Aragon and Castile -
1482
Prima Vera
Sandro Boticelli paints the famous Prima Vera -
1485
King Henry Vll
King Henry Becomes King -
1485
King Henry Vll Establishes the Tudor Line in England
See picture for details -
1492
Columbus
Columbus lands in the New World -
1498
The Last Supper
The Last Supper completed by Leonardo DaVinci -
1498
Vasco Da Gama
Vasco Da Gama discovers a route from Portugal to India -
1501
David
Michelangelo creates the David Sculpture -
1506
Mona Lisa
Mona Lisa Completed by Leonardo DaVinci -
1511
School of Athens
Raphael paints the School of Athens -
1512
Michelangelo completes Chapel
Michelangelo completes the Sistine Chapel ceiling -
1513
The Prince
Niccolo Machiavelli writes The Prince about early views of modern Political Theory -
1516
Utopia
Sir Thomas Moore publishes Utopia -
1517
Martin Luther
Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses -
1517
Religious Schism
Start of the Reformation. This religious schism divides Europe spiritually permanently, and is heavily influenced by Humanist thinking, a mark of the Renaissance. -
1519
Leonardo DaVinci Dies
Leonardo DaVinci Dies -
1521
Ferdinand Magellan
First trip around the world. -
1534
Church of England
Henry Vll breaks from the Catholic Church and creates the Church of England -
1543
On The Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres
Nicolaus Copernicus publishes a book on heliocentric universe -
1558
Elizabeth l takes the throne in England
Elizabeth l is crowned Queen of England -
Henry Vl Takes Thrown in France
Creating the powerful Bourbon Dynasty -
Hamlet
Shakespeare Writes Hamlet -
Don Quixote
Miguel De Cervantes publishes Don Quixote, it is considered the most influential work of literature from the Spanish Golden Age and the entire Spanish literary canon. As a founding work of modern Western literature -
New Astronomy
Johannes Kepler is a key figure in the 17th-century scientific revolution. He is best known for his laws of planetary motion, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican Astronomy. These works also provided one of the foundations for Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation. -
The Starry Messenger
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) published Sidereus Nuncius, or the 'Starry Messenger' in 1610. In it he provided a lively and accessible account of his telescopic work. -
Sir Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton establishes the law of motion