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Period: 991 BCE to 1033
Guido d'Arezzo
An Italian music theorist. He is regarded as the inventor of modern musical notation that replaced neumatic notation. -
Period: 476 to 1435
Medieval Era
The fall of Rome in 476 A.D. was the beginning of the Medieval Era. -
900
Organum
Plainchant "melody" with an added melody. What resulted was a musically sung piece of parallel 4ths and 5ths. Had multiple forms and 3rds were the devil. -
Period: 1098 to 1179
Hildegard von Bingen
Founder and abbess of the covenant at Rupertsberg, Germany. Famous for her prophetic powers and revelations, and wrote liturgical dramas and religious poetry. -
Period: 1150 to 1201
Leonin
Medieval composer. Perotin was thought to be his student. Both identified with the School of Notre Dame. -
1200
Perotin
Medieval composer, was thought to be Leonin's student. Had ties to The School of Notre Dame. fl. c 1200 -
Period: 1291 to 1361
Pilippe de Vitry
First composer of the Ars Nova -
Period: 1300 to 1350
Ars Nova
Translates to "new art". New rhythmic polyphony in the motels. -
Period: 1300 to 1377
Guillaume de Machaut
Most famous composer and poet of the time -
Period: 1325 to 1397
Francesco Landini
Music theorist, composer, poet, and organist. Famous because he was blind. -
Period: 1386 to 1466
Donatello
Famous Italian artist -
Period: 1390 to 1453
John Dunstable
English, but influenced musical style in Europe. More 3rds and 6ths were used in the harmonies. This resulted in what we think of triadic music. -
Period: 1397 to 1474
Guillame Dufay
First Renaissance composer. -
Period: 1420 to 1497
Johannes Ockeghem
Very respected and prolific; also a low bass. -
1430
The Renaissance
The beginning of The Renaissance. -
Period: 1435 to 1511
Johannes Tinctoris
Composer and theorist; wrote about contemporary music. Also wrote the first dictionary of musical terms (Diffinitorum Musices c. 1475). -
Period: 1444 to 1510
Sandro Botticelli
Famous Italian artist -
Period: 1450 to 1521
Josquin des Prez
Most revered Renaissance composer, esp. by Martin Luther -
Period: 1450 to 1517
Heinrich Isaac
Prolific German composer -
Period: 1452 to 1519
Leonardo da Vinci
An Italian polymath of the Renaissance whos areas of interest included invention, drawing, painting, sculpture, architecture, science, music, mathematics, engineering, literature, anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany, paleontology, and cartography. -
Period: 1475 to 1564
Michaelangelo Buonarroti
Famous Italian artist. "Pieta" 1499 -
Period: 1483 to 1520
Raphael
Famous Italian artist. "Madonna della Tenda" 1514. -
Period: 1490 to 1562
Adrian Willaert
Father of text expressionism. -
Period: 1504 to 1511
Ottaviano Petrucci
One of the most important early music publishers. Published 11 volumes of frottola between 1504-1511 -
Period: 1505 to
Thomas Tallis
Important English composer. -
Period: 1507 to 1568
Jaques Arcadelt
One of the earliest Italian madrigal composers. Composed over 250 madrigals, 125 French chansons, and sacred music.f -
1517
The Reformation
Martin Luther began the Protestant movement known as the Reformation. -
Period: 1525 to
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Awarded the most posthumous fame -
Period: 1528 to
Paolo Veronese
Famous Italian artist -
Period: 1532 to
Orlando di Lasso
Ranks in importance with Josquin and Palestrina -
Period: 1543 to
Willilam Byrd
Important Catholic English composer working in Protestant England -
Period: 1543 to 1563
The Council of Trent
Set new guidelines for music and musicians. -
Period: 1548 to
Thomas Luis de Victoria
Carries on Palestrina's style while working in Spain. -
Period: 1557 to
Giovanni Gabrieli
The leading composer of instrumental ensemble music and polychoral works in the late Renaissance. Studied with Orlando di Lasso in Munich. -
Period: 1564 to
Shakespeare
Many Renaissance-style songs were composed for and used in his plays. -
1567
Pope Marcellus Mass
Supposedly written to satisfy the Council of Trent. Included 6 a capella voices; was polyphonic and homorhythmic. -
Period: 1567 to
Claudio Monteverdi
Moved music from the Renaissance style to the Baroque. Wrote 9 books of madrigals. -
Period: 1570 to
John Farmer
English composer and organist who lived in London and Dublin; well known for clever word painting.