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Industrial Workers Labor Strikes
The Industrial Workers of the World supported many labor strikes around America. The press saw this group as "radical threats to American society" inspired by "left-wing, foreign agents provocateurs". -
Main Cause of The Red Scare
The end of World War 1 was one of the main causes of start of The Red Scare in the United States.This is because it caused production needs to decline and unemployment to rise. Another main causes is the Bolshevik Russian Revolution of 1917. -
United States Attempted Anarchist Bombing
Authorities discovered a strategic plan to mail 36 bombs to prominent members of the U.S. Political and Economic establishment. The prominent members were J.P. Morgan Jr, John D. Rockefeller, Oliver Wendell Holmes, and U.S. Attorney General Alexander Mitchell Palmer. -
Anarchist 8 Bombs Attack
Luigi Galleani, an Italian anarchist, had many followers who were also Italian-American radicals. His followers did anything he said to do. On June 2, 1919, 8 bombs simultaneously exploded in eight cities throughout America. One of the bombs, which exploded in Washington, D.C., killed the bomber who was a Italian-American Anarchist. After this close call, Palmer ordered the U.S. Justice Department to launch the Palmer Raids. -
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Palmer Raids
The Palmer Raids were conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice in 1919 and 1920 in an attempt to arrest foreign anarchists, communists, and radical leftists, many of whom were subsequently deported. The raids were led by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer and are viewed as the climax of that era’s so-called Red Scare. On January 2, 1920, the most spectacular of the Palmer Raids took place, when thousands of individuals (between 3,000 and 10,000) were arrested in more than 30 cities. -
Sacco and Vanzetti Anarchist Act
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were two Italian migrant anarchists who were controversially convicted of murdering a guard and a paymaster during the April 15, 1920, armed robbery of the Slater and Morrill Shoe Company in Braintree, Massachusetts. Seven years later, they were electrocuted in the electric chair at Charlestown State Prison. Both men adhered to an anarchist movement. -
Wall Street Bombing
Wall Street was bombed on September 2, 1920, near Federal Hall National Memorial and the JP Morgan Bank. Although both anarchists and communists were suspected as being responsible for the bombing, ultimately no individuals were indicted for the bombing in which 38 died and 141 were injured -
Gitlow v. New York
Gitlow was charged with a violation of the New York Criminal Anarchy Law of 1902, which made it a crime to encourage the violent overthrow of the government. This case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on June 8, 1925, that the U.S. Constitution’s First Amendment protection of free speech, which states that the federal “Congress shall make no law…abridging the freedom of speech,” applied also to state governments. Gitlow lost this case and was found guilty by a vote of 7-2 from The U.S. SC.
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