The Political Situation 11th to 15th century

AL-ANDALUS

1031

The Christians took advantage of the differences between the Muslims to conquer territory and collect taxes paid in gold coins, known as parias.

HISPANIC CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS

1035

Division of the lands of Sancho III el Mayor after his death in 1035.
Castilla→Was form when Sancho III bequeathed this county to one of his sons, Fernando I. He was married to a Princess of León, the Kingdom of Castilla was linked to the Kingdom of León.

ARAGÓN

1035

Aragón→Inherit as a kingdom by Ramiro I, a son of Sancho III el Mayor.Added the counties of Sobrarbe and Ribagorza.

NAVARRA

1035

Navarra → Difficult expansion towards the south. Ruled by the kings of Aragón between 1076 and 1134.

CASTILLA

1035

Castilla→Was form when Sancho III bequeathed this county to one of his sons, Fernando I. He was married to a Princess of León, the Kingdom of Castilla was linked to the Kingdom of León.

AL-ANDALUS

1085

After the Christian conquest of the Kingdom of Toledo, the taifa kings were forced to seek help from the Almoravids.Their arrival stopped the Christian advance and achieved the reunification of the Andalusian territory until the early 12th century.

ARAGÓN

1118

Alfonso I of Aragón and Navarra conquered Zaragoza.

ARAGÓN

1137

The marriage of Ramón Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona, and Petronila, the young Queen of Aragón, led to the union between the Catalan counties and Aragón.

ALMOHADS

1172

During the second half of the 12th century, the Christian kingdoms faced the Almohad invasion.

THE BATTLE OF LAS NAVAS DE TOLOSA

1212

Was a major victory for the Christian kingdoms and made the occupation of the Guadalaquivir valley possible. In this battle, the kings of Castilla (Alfonso VIII), Navarra and Aragón fought together.

ARAGÓN

1213

Aragón lost nearly all its land in the Midi after the defeat by the French in the battle of Muret.

ARAGÓN

1235

When Pedro II died his successor, Jaime I of Aragón, conquered the Islas Baleares.

ARAGÓN

1245

Pedro II successor, Jaime I of Aragón, conquered Valencia, which were added to the Crown of Aragón as kingdoms.

ANDALUSIAN KINGDOM

1250

There was only one Andalusian kingdom, the Kingdom of Granada, ruled by the Nasrid dynasty.

CASTILLA

1351

One of the bloodiest civil wars was that between king Pedro I of Castilla and his step-brother Enrique of Trastámara, who aspired to the throne. Enrique II was victorious and acceded to the throne of the Trastámara dynasty.

ARAGÓN

1410

In the Crown of Aragón, King Martín I died without an heir.

ARAGÓN

1412

Representatives of institutions from every state in the Crown were convened to choose a new king. The resolution reached at this meeting, the Compromise of Caspe, meant that the House of Trastámara was put in place to rule Aragón.