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Period: to
Pathway to American Independence
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French and Indian War 1754- 1763
The French and Indian War was a battle between France and Great Britian over the Ohio River valley.
Geat Britians purpose of the war was to get more of the eastern land of the United States to colonize unlike France who just wanted fur trade.
The reaction of the war was Britain imposed taxes on the colonists that started to bring grumbling among the colonists. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris was were Britain claimed all land east of the Mississippi.
British's main purpose as to colonize the Eastern United States.
The colonists reaction was settling in the Ohio River Valley and even farther in Eastern United States. -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 made the Apalachian Mountains illegal to cross by colonists.
The British purpose of the Proclamation of 1763 was to avoid conflicts with Native Americans because they could not protect the colonists from Native American attacks.
Most colonists did not listen to the law and were angry that Britain was telling them what to do. -
Sugar Act
The Sugar Act of 1764 put a tax on sugar and molassess.
THe British Purpose for the Sugar Act was to help pay off debt from the French and Indian War.
This did not effect many people in the colonies but paying taxes was starting to become a minor issue. -
Stamp Act
The Stamp Act put tax on legal documents, newspapers, wills, and almost all legal paper.
The British purpose of the Stamp Act was to help pay off debts from the French and Indian War.
Because of the Stamp Act the colonists formed the Stamp Act Congress to boycott but it eventually repealed. -
Townshend Acts
Townshend Acts was a tax on household items such as paper, silk,tea, etc...
The British purpose of the Townshend Acts was to pay off debt from the French and Indian War.
The colonists boycotted the Acts and it repealed. -
Writs of Assistance
British Customs officers could search ships at any time whenever they wanted whgich upset seamen.
The British purpose of the Writs of Assistance was to make sure the colonists were not smuggling goods.
This did not effect many colonists but the merchants thought it was an invasion of privacy. -
Boston Massacre
The Boston Massacre was a mob of colonists that fought British soldiers but the mob broke into a massive riot which caused the killing of 5 colonists.
The British purpose was to make sure the colonists follow British rule.
Sam Adams used this opportunity to call it a massacre and two soldiers were found guilty of manslaughter. -
Quartering Act
The colonists had to provide housing and other accessories to the British soldiers.
The British purpose was to spend less money on housing the soldiers and making the colonists doing it.
The colonists hated the Quartering Act but felt helpless -
Boston Tea Party/ Tea Act
The tea merchants in Boston were cut out of trade because the British East India Company lowered tea prices so British could control all tea sales and the supply and demand.
The British purpose was to block off the colonies supply of tea and make them join back up with Britian.
The result was the colonists made the Boston Tea Party and dumped out all British teavthat came in to the Boston ports. -
Intolerable Acts
The colinsts were not allowed to hold town meetings and port of Boston became colsed indefinitely.
To make sure a full fledged rebellion starts.
The colonists began to unite the colonies and make militia army's. -
First Continental Congress
The First Continental Congress met in Philadelphia.
All colonies except for Georgiansent delegates and banned all trade with Britain until the Acts were repealed.
Just in case of emergency they started to train militia troops. -
" Give Me Liberty" Speech
The " Give Me Liberty Speech" was said at the Virginia House of Burgessess were Patrick Henry spoke his famous words "Give me liberty or give me death".
The main point of the speech was that a war was about to break loose between the colonists and Great Britian as tensions had been raising higher after the French and Indian war.
As a result the first Battle of the Revolution begun at Lexington and Concord. -
Battles of Lexington and Concord
The Battle of Lexington and Concord was the first b attle of the Revolutionary war were there was 700 Britsh soldiers and 80 militia men. The British destroyed some supplies in a nearby town and the colnists shot the redcoats as they headed back to Boston.
The battle was between the colnists and Great Britian to see who could gain control of the United States.
The result of the battle was the first shot's of the Revolutionary war. -
Ft. Ticonderoga
Suprise attack in Northeastern,New York of a British garrison.
Bendict Arnold led the colonists to their first win in the Revolutionary war.
It gave the miltia much needed artillery fire for the next few yeaars. -
Second Continental Congress
The Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia.
The delegates created the Olive Branch Petition that declared loyalty to the king but repealed the Intolerable Acts.
They also made George Washington the Continental Army Commander. -
Bunker Hill
Battle between the british and the Colonists which the British won but they lost 1400 casualties.
The battle was between the Britsh and the colonies.
The result of the Battle of Bunker Hill was the colonists created a Olive Branch testimony to restore harmony but the king rejected it. -
" Common Sense" is published.
Common Sense was a pamphlet wrote that increased public support for American Independence.
Thomas Paine wrote the article and he believed that the colonies could trade with other countries besides Britian because they would also take the goods.
The result of Common Sense was the startup of the Declaration of Independence. -
Battle of New York
The British wanted to capture New York city because the heart of the colonial economy.
British won and made George Washington retreat and they stayed in New York for the rest of the year.
Washington was humiliated with the loss. -
Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was written based on the philosophy of John Locke who believed that people have unalienable rights.
Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson who was chosen to write the Declaration of Independence.
The colonies were finally free and officially became known as the United States. -
Battle of Trenton
George Washington launched a suprise attack while crossing the Delaware River.
He captured about 800 Hessian soldiers without having any casualties.
George Washington started to go on a losing streak losing the next two battles. -
Battle of Princeton
The battle was fought in Princeton, New Jersey.
George Washington captured 300 British soldiers.
As a result of this battle George Washington's winning streak turned sour as British surged ahead. -
Battle of Saratoga
The Continental Army surrounded General Burgoyne's forces to force him surrender.
Saratoga was the turning point of the war.
Benjamin Frankilin negotiated Treaty of Alliance with France and Spain to gather reinforcements. -
Winter at Valley Forge 1777-1778
American troops spent the winter at Valley Forge Pennsylvania.
They were in desperate need of food,shelter and warm clothing.
They were on the low ends of life as many soldiers dided from these harsh conditions. -
Battle of Yorktown
British General Lord Cornwallis set up camp in Virginia and was the perfect chance for George Washington to capture him with some information form James Armistead.
French ships trapped Cornwallis in the bay of New York.
Cornwallis surrendered ending the last battle of the Revolutionary War. -
Treaty of Paris
Rules of the Treaty of Paris of 1783
-Great Britain recognized the United States as an independent nation
-United States gained all land east of the Mississippi River from Canada to Florida
-U.S. agreed to return all property taken from Loyalist
