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1800 BCE
Oddyssues and Penelope
Penelope is the wife of Odysseus in the Odyssey by Homer. She is the daughter of Icarius and Perioboea and the mother of Telemachus. She remains faithful to her husband throughout his absence of twenty years, despite having 108 suitors vying for her hand in marriage.
The Odyssey is Homer's epic of Odysseus' 10-year struggle to return home after the Trojan War. While Odysseus battles mystical creatures and faces the wrath of the gods, his wife Penelope and his son Telemachus stave off suitors! -
1750 BCE
Death at the Palace
Death of a Palace is the climax of The Odyssey. Odysseus is ready to claim his rightful kingdom, but must kill all the suitors. He first kills Antinous by shooting the arrow under he chin. Through out the story, Antinous has been the most malicious suitor in the entire story. The suitors were shocked at Antinous death and started running away. Telemachus, the swineherd, and the cowherd help Odysseus fight the suitors. -
1700 BCE
The Test of the Great Bow
The ruse failed only when Penelope was betrayed by a disloyal maidservant. Primarily, the bow symbolizes the physical superiority of the king — an important point in a world in which the mighty prevail. But the bow also symbolizes the maturity and perhaps the character of the king. when he was a young man sent to Messenia by his father to recover a debt of 300 sheep. -
1650 BCE
The Beggar and the Faithful Dog
Why would there be a story about a dog in the Odyssey? In the palace Odysseus, disguised as the old beggar, is taunted by the suitors. Penelope stops them saying the old man is welcome in her house. Later that night Odysseus and Telemachus discuss their plan to get back at the suitors. Penelope goes to see the old beggar to see if he knows anything about Odysseus’s location. She tells the old beggar that she still loves Odysseus and wishes for his return. -
1600 BCE
The sirens; Scylla and Charbydis
Once they have passed the Sirens' island, Odysseus and his men must navigate the straits between Scylla and Charybdis. Scylla is a six-headed monster who, when ships pass, swallows one sailor for each head. Charybdis is an enormous whirlpool that threatens to swallow the entire ship.
Sirens are beautiful women of the sea, who sing songs that hypnotize or lure and trick men into shipwrecking their boats on rocky shores because they follow the irresistible songs. -
1600 BCE
The Cattle of the Sun God
The sun god Helios angrily asked Zeus and the other gods to punish Odysseus's crew for killing his cattle, and Zeus complied. Strange things began to happen to the cattle that had been killed: they bellowed and moved. But the men continue to feast for six more days before sailing away. he Cattle of the Sun God shows the important lesson about resisting temptation. The Gods put the test of hunger and starvation in front of Odysseus and his men. -
1600 BCE
The meeting of Father and Son
Odysseus ran to his son and engulfed him in his hands while his eyes brimmed with tears. He embraced his son in a hug after not seeing him for 20 years. While he is gone Athena comes to visit Odysseus and when she leaves Odysseus's disguise disappears revealing him to Telemachus. Telemachus is shocked and overwhelmed with joy in the sight of his father. The two weep together while plotting to get the suitors out of the palace. -
1500 BCE
The Land of the Dead
The blood and offerings attract the spirits of the dead. They come, crowding forward to the sacrifice. To his horror, Odysseus is presented with the spirits of a lost crewman, his own mother, and the prophet Tiresias. Odysseus begins to tell him of the great victory of the Greeks but Achilles stops him; to Achilles victory is meaningless and life is everything. Very great thing! -
1450 BCE
The Witch Circe
As a powerful enchantress, Circe built herself a palace on her home island of Aeaea, where she would practice her spells. Circe's popularity stems from her appearance in Homer's Odyssey where she turns Odysseus' men into pigs. Fortunately, Circe was able to trick Odysseus into becoming her lover rather than an animal. Circe drugs a band of Odysseus's men and turns them into pigs. When Odysseus goes to rescue them, Hermes approaches him in the form of a young man. -
1400 BCE
The cyclops
''Cyclops'' by Euripides, Odysseus, a Greek hero, becomes stranded on an island belonging to the cyclopes. The cyclops Polyphemus refuses to treat him well and eats some of his men. Using a strong liquor, Odysseus gets the cyclops and his servant Silenus drunk. Get treated the way you want to be treated. -
1350 BCE
The lotus Eaters
Odysseus and his men alight on an island and have a meal there. He sends three men out to explore and orders them to report back with more information. They soon meet a group of people who appear human. These people are friendly and cause them no harm. -
1300 BCE
"I am Laertes son'
This is Laerters son. The king asked Odysseus to identify himself. Odysseus replied "I am Laertes' son..." Odysseus tells King Alcinous of how he got to the Phaecians. He begins his story by telling him how he had to go to war and leave his family. Odysseus tells him about how his army tried raiding the Cicones and how much men they lost. 60 men in each ship thought brought them to the Cicones. -
1200 BCE
Calypso
Calypso was a nymph who captured Odysseus for many years before he finally managed to escape. She lived on the mythical island of Ogygia. According to Homer's epic, the Odyssey, when Odysseus landed on Ogygia, Calypso fell in love with him and decided to keep him as her immortal husband. With her captivating singing, she managed to detain the Greek hero for several years.