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in 1390 A.D., a new nomadic leader emerged. This leader, a man by the name of Timur Lenk (or Tamerlane in English) again united the different nomadic tribes of the Asian Steppe under his authority.
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After his death in 1405 A.D., Timur’s empire quickly began to decay as the Ottoman Empire grew in strength and influence in the region.
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The forces of Babur, a Central Asian ruler who was descended from the Mongol conqueror Genghis Khan, defeat the Lodi Empire of Northern India.
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In 1631 Mumtaz Mahal died at the age of 39 giving birth to her 14th child. To enshrine his wife's memory, he ordered that a tomb be built "as beautiful as she was". Fine white marble and fabulous jewels were gathered from many parts of Asia.
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Akbar conquered neighboring Muslim and Hindu states, uniting northern India under his rule. Akbar next set out to unite all his Muslim and Hindu Subjects by promoting religious tolerance.
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He reimposed special taxes on them and ordered the destruction of many Hindu temples. In the northwest and northeast, many people converted to Islam.
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Aurangzeb, moved first and most decisively. In a bitter civil war, he executed his older brother, who was his most serious rival.
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Although the Mughals continued to rule in North India until 1857, a series of small, independent kingdoms developed in central and southern India.
