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Period: 1300 to 1500
Renaissance
It is a cultural phenomenon that takes up the principles of classical antiquity and updates them through humanism. -
1420
Florence Cathedral's dome, by Brunelleschi
It was the largest dome in the world after the fall of the Roman Empire and is still considered the largest ever made in masonry. With this work he began the Italian and Florentine Renaissance in architecture. Stone began to be used, but, after a few meters, Brunelleschi decided to work only with brick, which weighs less. -
1498
Pietá, by Mychelangelo Buonarroti
The sculpture represents the Virgin Mary holding the dead Christ after the crucifixion. It was made of white Carrara marble and hand carved from a single block. The Virgin Mary and Jesus Christ express serenity and balance, as well as an apparent absence of suffering. -
1508
The school of Athens, by Raphael Sanzio
It represents the value of scientific thought and natural truth, whose development is attributed to classical antiquity. The work embodies the entire cultural program of the Renaissance, since we see the presence of the great thinkers and scientists of the classical world, and even of the Renaissance itself. -
Period: 1520 to 1521
The revolt of the Comuneros in Castilla
The immediate cause of the communal insurrection was the measures taken by the visiting regent Juan Francisco Gutiérrez de Piñeres, who increased the alcabala tax; they imposed taxes on salt, tobacco and card games; and imposed new taxes on cotton textiles. -
Period: 1568 to 1571
The rebellion of the Alpujarras
It was a conflict in which the desperate aspiration to restore the political, economic, religious and social situation that disappeared due to the fall of the Nasrid Sultanate in 1492 was faced with an unwavering determination to maintain control of the Kingdom of Granada to assimilate it. -
Period: 1568 to
The Eighty Years War
It was a war that pitted the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands against their sovereign Philip II of Spain. It was due to religious and political tensions between the Habsburg government and the United Provinces -
The defeat of the Spanish Armada by England
Fue una expedición militar marítima que, tras el triunfo en la batalla de Lepanto y la consolidación del poder español en Europa, fue planificada por el monarca español Felipe II para destruir a su contraparte Isabel I e invadir Inglaterra. Una razón importante por la que los ingleses pudieron derrotar a la Armada fue que el viento empujó a los barcos españoles hacia el norte. -
Period: to
Baroque art
The Baroque was a period of history in Western culture originated by a new way of conceiving art and which, starting from different historical-cultural contexts, produced works in numerous artistic fields. -
Apollo and Daphne, by Bernini
It belongs to the Greek style. It is a life-size marble sculpture group. The work tells us one of the myths collected in "Ovid's Metamorphosis." -
Saint Peter´s square project by Bernini
It is a notable example of baroque architecture and urban planning, it is dedicated to the saint of the same name and is the common meeting place for thousands of Catholics from all over the world. St. Peter's Square occupies a small valley located between the Vatican Hill and the Janiculum, occupied in classical times. -
The Spinners, by Velázquez
Represents the abduction of Europe. But it is not just any kidnapping of Europe, but rather it is directly inspired by what Titian painted as part of a series of poems or mythological fables that he created for Philip II. -
Period: to
Neoclassical art
Las características principales del arte neoclásico incluyen la imitación de la antigüedad clásica, la preferencia por la representación de temas históricos y mitológicos, el uso de formas geométricas y la adopción de líneas claras y definidas. -
Oath of the Horatii, by Jacques-Louis David
He had a large number of disciples, most of whom joined the styles of realism and, above all, romanticism. Without a doubt, Ingres, David's student from a very young age, was a follower of the master's teachings; An example of David's influence is clearly seen in the Iliad, a painting from the beginning of Ingres's career, which is the composition closest to David's work.16 -
Carlos IV of Spain and his family, by Francisco de Goya
A diferencia de los países nórdicos en España el retrato colectivo fue escasamente practicado. Existían precedentes en asuntos de género religioso, con grupos de donantes. Podrían considerarse dentro de este género algunas composiciones más complejas. Pero en un sentido más estricto, el único que podría considerarse como retrato de la familia real hasta el momento eran Las Meninas, de Velázquez, único antecedente director español de La familia de Carlos IV.