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Period: 1300 to
Renaissance
The Renaissance (14th-17th centuries) was a time of cultural renaissance in Europe, characterized by a revival of interest in ancient Greece and Rome, advances in art and science, and a focus on reason and humanism. Great artists and thinkers transformed the culture and thinking of the time. -
1436
Florece Cathedral dome
It is the cathedral of Florence, Italy. It was begun in 1296 in the Gothic style to a design by Arnolfo di Cambio and was structurally completed in 1436, with the dome designed by Filippo Brunelleschi. [1] The exterior of the basilica is clad in polychrome marble panels in various shades of green and pink, edged in white, and has an elaborate 19th-century neo-Gothic façade by Emilio De Fabris. -
1498
La Pietá
The Madonna della Pietà, informally known as La Pietà, is a marble sculpture of Jesus and Mary at Mount Golgotha representing the "Sixth Sorrow" of the Blessed Virgin Mary by Michelangelo Buonarroti, now in Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City. It is a key work of Italian Renaissance sculpture and often taken as the start of the High Renaissance. The sculpture captures the moment when Jesus, taken down from the cross, is given to his mother Mary. Mary looks younger than Jesus. -
1509
The school of Athens
The School of Athens is a fresco by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael. The fresco was painted between 1509 and 1511 as a part of Raphael's commission to decorate the rooms now known as the Stanze di Raffaello, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. It depicts a congregation of philosophers, mathematicians, and scientists from Ancient Greece, including Plato, Aristotle, Pythagoras, Archimedes, Heraclitus and Zarathustr the Iranian prophet. -
Period: 1520 to 1521
The revolt of the Comuneros in Castilla
The Revolt of the Communards (Spanish: Guerra de las Comunidades de Castilla, "War of the Communities of Castile") was an uprising of citizens of Castile against the government of Charles I and his administration between 1520 and 1521. At its peak, The rebels controlled the heart of Castile and governed the cities of Valladolid, Tordesillas and Toledo. The revolt occurred as a result of political instability in the Crown of Castile after the death of Queen Isabel I in 1504. -
1555
Peace of Augugusbrg
The Peace of Augsburg, also called the Augsburg Settlement,was a treaty between Charles V,Holy Roman Emperor,and the Schmalkaldic League,signed on 25 September 1555 at the imperial city of Augsburg. It officially ended the religious struggle between the two groups and made the legal division of Christianity permanent within the Holy Roman Empire,allowing rulers to choose either Lutheranism or Roman Catholicism as the official confession of their state. -
Period: 1556 to
The regin of Felipe II
During his reign, the Spanish Empire reached its greatest power, extent and influence, although it failed to suppress the revolt in the Netherlands and lost the "Invincible Armada" in the attempted invasion of England (1588).
Philip was the son of the Holy Roman Emperor. -
Period: 1568 to
The Eighty Years War
The Eighty Years' War was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands[note 10] between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. The causes of the war included the Reformation, centralisation, excessive taxation, and the rights and privileges of the Dutch nobility and cities.
After the initial stages, Philip II of Spain, the sovereign of the Netherlands, deployed his armies and regained control over most of the rebel-held territories. -
Period: 1568 to 1571
The rebelion of Alpujarras
The Alpujarras rebellion was a conflict that occurred in Spain between 1568 and 1571 during the reign of Philip II. The abundant Moorish population of the Kingdom of Granada took up arms in protest against the Pragmatic Sanction of 1567, which limited their cultural freedoms. When the royal power managed to defeat the rebels, it was decided to deport the surviving Moors to various points in the rest of the Crown of Castile. -
Jan 6, 1579
The singment of the Union of Arras
The Union of Arras was an alliance between the County of Artois,the County of Hainaut and the city of Douai in the Habsburg in early 1579 during the Eighty Years War.They signed a declaration on 6 January 1579 about their intent to offer a vigorous defense of the Roman Catholic religion against what they saw as encroachments by Calvinists in other provinces.These signatories would begin negotiations for a separate peace with the Spanish Crown,which resulted in the Treaty of Arras of 17 May 1579. -
The defeat of the Spanish Armada
Meanwhile, King Philip II rebuilt his fleet and sent two more Spanish armadas in the 1590s, both of which were scattered by storms. It was not until 1604, more than 16 years after the original Spanish Armada set sail, that a peace treaty was finally signed ending the Anglo-Spanish War as a stalemate. -
Period: to
Baroque art
It is a Western style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from the early 17th century until the 1750s.It followed Renaissance art and Mannerism and preceded the Rococo (in the past often referred to as "late Baroque") and Neoclassical styles. It was encouraged by the Catholic Church as a means to counter the simplicity and austerity of Protestant architecture, art, and music, though Lutheran Baroque art developed in parts of Europe as well. -
The singment of the Union of Utrecht
The Union of Utrecht is considered the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609. The treaty was signed on January 23 by the Netherlands, Zeeland, Utrecht and the province of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction by the Protestant provinces to the Union of Arras of 1579, in which two southern provinces and one city declared their support for Catholic Spain. -
Apollo and Dafne
Apollo and Daphne is a marble sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini, made between 1622 and 1625 commissioned by Cardinal Scipione Borghese. Inspired by mythical literature, the work stands out for its theatricality and dynamism, features typical of an era in upheaval such as the Baroque period, which has left behind the classic and balanced look of the Renaissance. -
Saint Peter´s square proyect
Saint Peter's Square is a large plaza located directly in front of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City, the papal enclave in Rome, directly west of the neighborhood of Borgo. Both the square and the basilica are named after Saint Peter, an apostle of Jesus whom Catholics considered to be the first Pope. -
The Spinners
The Spinners is a painting by the Spanish painter Diego Velázquez, in the Museo del Prado of Madrid, Spain. It is also known by the title The Fable of Arachne. Most scholars regard it as a late work by the artist, dating from 1657-58, but some argue that it was done during 1644-48. Velázquez scholar Jonathan Brown writes that Las Hilanderas and Las Meninas are arguably Velázquez's " -
Period: to
Neoclassical art
Neoclassicism was a Western cultural movement in the decorative and visual arts, literature,music,and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity. It was born in Rome thanks to the writings of Johann Joachim Winckelmann.Neoclassical movement coincided with the 18th-century Age of Enlightenment, and continued into the early 19th century, latterly competing with Romanticism. -
Oath of the Horatii
The Oath of the Horatii is a large painting by the French artist Jacques-Louis David painted in 1784 and 1785 and now exhibited in the Louvre in Paris. The painting immediately became a huge hit with critics and the public and remains one of the best-known neoclassical style paintings. It represents a scene from a Roman legend about a dispute from the 7th century BC. C. between two cities at war, Rome and Alba Longa -
Carlos IV of Spain and his family
It is a group portrait in oil on canvas by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya. He began working on the painting in 1800, shortly after becoming first chamber painter to the royal family, and completed it in the summer of 1801. The portrait features life-size representations of Charles IV of Spain and his family, ostentatiously dressed in fine suits and jewelry. In the painting, Charles IV and his wife, María Luisa de Parma, stand out, surrounded by his children and family.