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Period: 1301 to
Renaissance
The Renaissance was a European cultural, artistic, political and economic period after the Middle Ages. Occurring between the 14th and 17th centuries, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature, and art. The Renaissance is credited with bridging the gap between the Middle Ages and modern civilization. -
1420
Florence Cathedra's dome, by Brunelleschi
The dome was built between 1420 and 1436, it is the largest vault in the world. It is an octagonal structure of stone and brick. It consists of two domes, one internal and one external. The external dome is covered by terracotta tiles. -
1498
Pietá, by Michelangelo Buonarroti
It is also known as The Vatican Pieta, it is a marble sculpture made between 1498 and 1499. Measures 1.74 x 1.95. It is in Vatican City. It is in Renaissance style. -
1509
The School of Athens, by Raphael Sanzio
It is one of the most important works of art of the Renaissance. Raphael went to Rome at the end of 1508, calling him Julius II. He was little known in Rome, but after this work he began to be very well known. -
Period: 1516 to 1556
The reign of Carlos I
Charles I of Spain and V of the Holy Roman Empire, called "the Caesar", reigned together with his mother, Juana I of Castile, in all the Hispanic kingdoms and territories with the name of Charles I from 1516 to 1556, thus uniting for the first time in the same person the crowns of Castile, including the Kingdom of Navarra and Aragon. -
Period: 1520 to 1522
The revolt of the Comuneros in castilla
The War of the Communities of Castile or Revolt of the Comuneros took place during the reign of Charles I, between 1520 and 1522. It was an armed uprising led by the "comuneros" of the cities in the interior of Castile, with Toledo and Valladolid at the helm. It was motivated by the political instability present in the Crown of Castile. -
1555
Peace of Augsburg
It is also called "Peace of religions." It was a deal signed by Ferdinand I and the Imperial States on September 25, 1555 in Germany. The religious conflict of the Protestant Reformation was resolved. -
Period: 1556 to
The reign of Felipe II
Philip II of Spain, called "the Prudent", was king of Spain from January 15, 1556 until his death; of Naples and Sicily from 1554; and of Portugal and the Algarves as Philip I from 1580, achieving a dynastic union that lasted sixty years. He was also king of England and Ireland, through his marriage to Mary I, between 1554 and 1558. -
Period: 1568 to
The Eighty Years War
The war of independence of the Netherlands from Spain, which led to the separation of the north and south of the Netherlands and the formation of the United Provinces of the Netherlands. The first phase of the war began with two failed invasions and foreign raids. -
Period: 1568 to 1571
The rebellion of the Alpujarras
The Moorish rebellion gave rise to a terrible war, with moments of tremendous cruelty and especially bloody, with thousands of innocent victims. The tragedy of 1568 to 1571 is called the Alpujarras, since the city of Granada and La Vega barely participated, maintaining an indecisive attitude, although from there it radiated to the lands of Almería and Málaga. -
1579
The signment of the Union of Arras
It was an alliance between the County of Artois, the County of Hainaut and the city of Douai in the Habsburg Netherlands in early 1579 during the Eighty Years' War. Dissatisfied with the religious policies of the rebel leader Prince of Orange and the States General of the Netherlands, and especially with the rise of the radical Calvinist Republic of Ghent from October 1577, they signed a declaration on 6 January 1579 regarding their intention to offer a vigorous defense. -
1579
The signament of the Union of Utrecht
The Union of Utrecht is considered the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, it was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609. The treaty was signed on January 23 by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht and the province of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant provinces to the Union of Arras. -
The defeat of the spanish Armada by England
At midnight on August 7–8 (July 28–29), the English launched eight fire ships before the wind and tide into the Spanish fleet, forcing the Spanish ships to cut or slip their cables (thus losing their anchors) and stand out to sea to avoid catching fire. The Spanish ships’ formation was thus completely broken. At dawn on the 8th the English attacked the disorganized Spanish ships off Gravelines, and a decisive battle ensued. -
Period: to
Baroque art
It is a style of painting that flourished from the early 17th century to the 1750s in Western art history. The Baroque period occurred after the artistic periods of Renaissance and Mannerism and before the artistic periods of Rococo and Neoclassicism. The Baroque style avoided the harsh characteristics that the Protestant style portrayed. -
Apollo and Daphne, by Bernini
Apollo and Daphne is a life-size marble sculpture by the Italian artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini, which was executed between 1622 and 1625. The statue is in the Borghese Gallery in Rome, along with several other examples of the artist's early works. It was the last in a series of important works commissioned by Cardinal Scipione Borghese from Gian Lorenzo Bernini that helped define Baroque sculpture. -
Saint Peter's square project by Bernini
This monumental space, surrounded by 284 Doric columns, is the masterpiece of Gian Lorenzo Bernini, who designed it during the pontificates of Alexander VII and Clement IX. Every Sunday at noon people gather to pray the Angelus and receive the Pope's blessing. A red porphyry stone on the northwest side of the plaza marks the spot where Pope John Paul II was shot. -
The Spinners, by Velazquez
Fable of Arachne. This work is one of the greatest exponents of Spanish baroque painting and is considered one of the great examples of Velázquez's mastery. Thematically it is one of his most enigmatic works, since the true purpose of this work is not yet known. -
Period: to
Neoclassical art
It is a widespread and influential movement in painting, beginning in the 1760s, reaching and lasting until the 1840s and 1850s. In painting, it generally took the form of an emphasis on austere linear design in the representation of themes and themes. classics, using archaeologically correct settings and clothing. Neoclassicism in the arts is an aesthetic attitude based on the art of Greece and Rome in antiquity, which invokes harmony, clarity, moderation, universality and idealism. -
Oath of the Horatii, by Jacques-Louis David
In 1785, visitors to the Paris Salon were transfixed by a painting, The Oath of the Horatii by Jacques-Louis David. It depicts three men, brothers, saluting three swords held by their father while the women behind him cry; no one had ever seen a painting like this. -
Carlos IV of Spain and his family, by Francisco de Goya
The family of Charles IV belonged to the magnificent series of royal portraits begun by Goya in September 1799, on the eve of Napoleon's Consulate, which, at first, promised a pacification of the tumultuous past decade. It belonged to the private collections of the Royal Palace of Madrid, where it appears in the 1814 inventory. It became part of the newly founded Prado Museum in 1824, by order of King Ferdinand VII, who is portrayed in the painting.