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Period: 4600 BCE to 541 BCE
Precambrian
Guide fossil: Stromatolitos (photosynthesising cyanobacteria)
Geological event: It starts to separate Pangea
Climate event: Extreme aridity
Type of enviroment: Marine -
3800 BCE
1st life forms - 4:10
These were living things consisting of a single cell.
Despite their relative simplicity, contemporary prokaryotes are the most abundant organisms in the world. -
580 BCE
1st most complex life forms- 9:07
Reproduced like many of the recent plants: for long distances they used propagules. For short distances, they proliferated through stolons.
They did not have bones or any external bony structure, but they were multicellular organisms. -
350 BCE
Amphibian age- 22:13
The earliest recorded amphibians were characteristically labyrinthodontid, meaning that the dentine and enamel layers of their teeth formed a labyrinth-like structure.
There were four major groups of early amphibians, which are characterized by: one group including the first animals to emerge from water, a second group containing the ancestors of the amniotes (reptiles, birds and mammals) and two further groups, both of which are candidates for being the ancestors of modern amphibians. -
300 BCE
1st Homo sapiens- 23:59 h
we properly call "human" is a reference to the appearance of the ability to make stone tools in a bipedal hominid, Homo habilis, considered by most to be the most primitive human species, also showing increased cranial capacity with respect to Australopithecus. -
140 BCE
1st angiosperms- 23:22 h
The earliest angiosperm fossils come from the Cretaceous era.
They consist of pollen grains similar to those of gymnosperms and the remains of whole, parallelinervate leaves. -
120 BCE
Age of the birds- 23:39 h
Birds originated from bipedal carnivorous dinosaurs in the Jurassic.
They are the only dinosaurs to survive the mass extinction at the end of the Mesozoic. -
Period: 66 BCE to
Cenozoic
Guide fossil: Nummulite
Geological event: Completion of the expansion of the continents
Climate events: glacial and interglacial periods
Enviroment: marine and land -
4 BCE
1st hominids -23:53 h
The earliest hominids known to have been fully bipedal are members of the genus Australopithecus, of which very complete skeletons have been preserved. -
Period: 252 to 66
MESOZOIC
Guide fossil: Ammonites (molusco cefalópodo), Belemnites (molusco cefalopodo)
Geological event: It starts to separate Pangea
Climate event: Extreme aridity
Type of enviroment: land and marine -
419
Age of the fish- 21:37
The first fish developed on coral reefs.
Jawed and jawless fishes.
The main groups of early vertebrates originated and diversified in intertidal and subtidal environments around the coast. -
443
First terrestrial plants (gymnosperms) - 21:48 h
They covered rocks near lakes and rivers. As they needed less and less water for their subsistence they began to grow and take shape.
For their survival it was necessary for them to reduce their size, they were called bryophytes or mosses. Another group, on the other hand, developed to a large size and defined reproduction, shade habitat and participation in the ecosystem. -
530
Great explosion of life- 21:10
The Cambrian explosion or Cambrian evolutionary radiation was the sudden and rapid diversification of complex multicellular macroscopic organisms. -
Period: 541 to 252
Paleozoic
Guide fossil: Trilobites ---> marine arthropod.
Geologic event: Hercynian orogeny
Climate event: Greenhouse effect
Type of enviroment: Marine