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  Robert Hooke on Wikipedia Hooke publishes his book Micrographia, which contains his drawings of sections of cork as seen through one of the first microscopes.
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  Anton van Leeuwenhoek on Wikipedia Leeuwenhoek observes a tiny living organisms in drops of pond water through his simple microscope.
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  Matthias Schleiden on Wikipedia Schleiden concludes that all plants are made up of cells.
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  Theodor Schwann on Wikipedia Schwann concludes that all animals are made up of cells.
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  Rudolph Virchow on Wikipedia Virchow proposes that all cells come from existing cells, completing the cell theory.
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  Lynn Margulis on Wikipedia Margulis proposes the idea that certain organelles, tiny structures within some cells, were once free-living cells themselves.