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Period: Jan 1, 1000 to
Year
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Jan 1, 1001
Trephination
6500 B.C.
People started using trephination to treat mental health problems. This is a surgical intervention where a hole is drilled, incised or scraped into the skull using simple surgical tools. -
Jan 1, 1002
Hippocrates
400 B.C.
People thought that mental disorders were caused by the displeasure of gods, but Hippocrates started treating mental diseases with psychology. -
Jan 1, 1407
First mentally ill hospital
In Valencia, Spain the first place that was specifically for mentally ill people was established. -
Isolation
Most europeans began to isolate mentally ill people. -
Fillippe Pinel
Fillippe Pinel took over an insane asylum and forbid the use of chains and shackles. -
Dorthea Dix
Dorothea Dix observed how horrible mentally ill people are treated and convinces the pope to examine how cruelly they are treated. -
Emil Kraepelin
Emil Kraepelin researches mental disorders more scientifically. -
Quarantines
The first Federal Quarantine Act was passed. -
Nellie Bly
Nellie Bly poses as a mental patient and reports how they were treated. -
Lobotamy
The first lobotomy was performed on a human. This is a surgical operation involving incision into the prefrontal lobe of the brain. -
Clifford Beers
Clifford Beers wrote an autobiography about how he was treated while he was in a mental institution. -
Malaria- induced fever
Malaria- induced fever was discovered by Julius Wagner- Jauregg to treat neurosyphilitic paresis. -
Insulin comas
People began treating mental diseases by putting them in an insulin coma. -
Ugo Cerletti
Ugo Cerletti discovered electroshock therapy. -
The National Mental Health Act
The National Mental Health Act was signed by Harry Truman. -
Lithium
Began using lithium to treat psychosis. -
Anti-psychotic drugs
Anti-psychotic drugs were successfully given to people to control the symptoms of psychosis. -
A lot of patients
This was the peak of the number of mentally ill patients in the hospitals. -
Behavior therapy
Behavior therapy is developed. This is the treatment of neurotic symptoms by training the patient's reactions to stimuli. -
Thomas Szasz
Thomas Szasz wrote a book about his belief that there is no such thing as schizophrenia. -
Erving Goffman
Erving Goffman wrote book that states that psychotic symptoms are caused by being hospitalized. -
Ken Kesey
Ken Kesey wrote a book about his experience when he worked for a psychiatric ward. -
Federal money
Federal money was given to go towards mental hospitals. -
Less people in mental hospitals
The amount of people who were in mental hospitals decreases because they can live on their own with the anti-psychotic drugs. -
Movie
A movie was made based on Ken Kesey’s book. -
National Alliance for the Mentally ill
The National Alliance for the Mentally ill provided help for people with psychiatric disorders. -
Homeless
Mentally ill people made up about 1/3rd of homeless people. -
National Alliance for Research
The National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression was formed. It is the largest donor-supported organization that supports research on brain and behavior disorders -
New anti-psychtic drugs
New anti-psychotic drugs were made to treat schizophrenia. -
Inmates
7.2% of inmates in American jails were seriously mentally ill.
