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Conscription Crisis WWI
Conscription Crisis WWI The English speaking Canadians supported conscription while the French Canadians opposed it -
Creation of the Union Nationale Party
Union Nationale
The Union Nationale was a political party founded by Duplessis -
The Duplessis Era/The Great Darkness
The Duplessis Era/The Great Darkness
In the early 1900s, Canada was shifting to centralisation, but Quebec did not support this. Therefore, Maurice Duplessis was elected in 1936-1939 and from 1944-1959 to protect Quebec from centralisation. The Duplessis Era was also called the Great Darkness because there were many secrets kept from the public -
Conscription Crisis WWII
Conscription Crisis WWII
Mackenzie Lyon King promised Canadians that there will not be concription but he asked Canadians to relieve him of his promise in 1942 when troops overseas were desparately needed. Again, most English- speaking Canadians voted for conscription and most French-speaking Canadians voted against -
FLQ
FLQ
The FLQ is was a Canadian separatist party which sometimes used violence to achieve their goals. -
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Maitre Chez Nous
Maitre chez nous
Maitre chez nous was a slogan for Jean Lesage's Liberal party. It means "masters of our own house". -
Canada's new flag
Canada's new flag
There were over 2400 flag designs submitted, However, George Stanley's maple leaf flag was chosen -
Bi& Bi Commission Investigation
Bi& Bi Commission Investigation
It was an iinsetigation on how Canadians felt about Fr.& vise versa. Sought to solve feelings of misunderstanding, alienation, and prejudice -
Changes to Canada's Immigration Policy
Changes to Canada's Immigration Policy
A point system was introduced to eliminate prehudice in the selection of immigrants. -
Trudeau becomes Prime Minister
Trudeau becomes Prime Minister
Trudeau is a French Canadian, however, he is a Federalist who believes in one unified Canada. -
Official Languages act is passed
Official Languages act is passed
This act made Frnech the 2nd official language. By passing it, Trudeau wanted to show French inclusion into the fabric of Canada -
FLQ Crisis
FLQ Crisis
The FLQ kidnapped British diplmat, John Cross. The would only release Cross if FLQ prisoners were given ammesty for crimes against Canada. Trudeau responds with War Measures Act. But FLQ then kidnapped and killed Pierre Laporte, Quebec's labour minister. -
Policy of Multiculturalism
Policy of Multiculturalism
Trudeau's government this policy meant to de-emphasize Quebec and the French as the only cultural group in Canada. It attempted to recognize all Canadians (including new immigrants) as unique and encouraged them to express themselves and retain their orignial culture. -
Bill 22
Bill 22
Robert Bourassa introduced Bill 22 making French the official language of Quebec. Bourassa feared the disappearance of the French language. -
Parti Quebecois wins provincial election
1976 Parti Quebecois wins provincial election
The Parti Quecois is led by Renée Levesque and promises Quebec separation by first holding a province-wide referendum on the issue -
Bill 101 Introduced
Bill 101 Introduced
The Parti Quebecois introduces ,Bill 101 also called the “Charter of the French Language”, which replaced Bill 22. In 1977, it was passed. This made French the only official language of the province. Many people were upset about the decision. They thought it was a symbol of opression or it was too extreme. -
Referendum on Sovereignty Association
Referendum on Sovereignty Association
Lévesque calls a referandum, asking voters if they wanted to negotiate sovereignty-association with Canada. He proposed that Quebec become polutically independent, yet maintain a close economic relationship with Canada. The results were 40% yes and 60% no. -
Constitution Act
Constitution Act
The Constitution Act enshrined the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in the Constitution, and allowed Canada to independently amend its own Constitution -
Patriation of the Constitution
Patriation of the Constitution
Patriations of the Consitution means that the Constitution will be changed from an act in the British Parliament to an independent Canadian Constitution that was amendable by Canada. There was some last minute revisions to the Constitution ("Kitchen Comprimise") that Levesque wasn't involved in which made Quebec fell like they were betrayed. -
Brian Mulroney becomes Prime Minister
Brian Mulroney becomes Prime Minister
Mulroney was the leader of the Progressive Conservative party. He sought to have closer cooperation with the US. He promised to gain Quebec’s consent to the constitution ‘with honour & enthusiasm”. -
The Reform Party
The Reform Party
The Reform Party was created to voice the concerns of Western provinces to the national level. -
Department of Multiculturalism
Department of Multiculturalism
The Multiculturalism Act aims to preserve and enhance multiculturalism in Canada. -
Creation of the Bloc Quebecois
Creation of the Bloc Quebecois
The Bloc Quebecois is a federal political party which promote Québec's interests and Québec sovereignty. -
Meech Lake Accord
Meech Lake Accord
Mulroney calls Premiers to Conference at Meech Lake proposing amendments to the constitution. One Amendment was called the “Meech Lake Accord” which offered to
1) recognize Quebec as a distinct society
2) give more power to the Provinces (i.e. veto power) -
Meech Lake Accords
Meech Lake Accords
Man, NB & NFLD withhold’s support for the Meech Lake Accord& the accord disintegrates. Quebec felt in increased need to separate. -
Charlottetown Accord
Charlottetown Accord
Prime Minister Mulroney proposes Charlottetown Accord which was similar to the Meech Lake Accord. Charlottetown Accord Proposed:
1) reforming the Senate making it an elected body with equal representation from all parts of the country –important for Western Provinces
2) Aboriginal Self-Gov’t
3) universal health care
4) workers rights
5)environmental protection
Referendum rejected -
Parti Quebecois re-elected
Parti Quebecois reelected
Quebec is angered by constitution debates & re-elect Parti Quebecois leader in provincial election (Premier Jacques Parizeau) -
2nd Referendum on Sovereignty Association
2nd Referendum on Sovereignty Association
Parizeau calls referendum on full sovereignty Oct 30, 1995
49.4% of Quebeckers vote yes, 50.6% vote no. -
Clarity Bill and the Supreme Court decision
Clarity Bill and the Supreme Court decision
Chretien sent the issue of Quebec separation to Supreme Court of Canada (1998). Courts rule that Quebec don’t have right to separate
Chretien follows up with the ‘clarity act/bill’ which stated that any future referenda, Quebec must ask a clear question & win a clear majority –making it impossible for Quebec to gain independence from Canada through a referendum.
