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John Napier was a Scottish mathematician and invented Napier Bones, a set of rods that performed complex calculations.
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He introduced the use of punch cards by developing a weaving loom that used the punch cards to replicate designs.
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He created the Difference Engine which was the first machine the actually approximated the idea of a computer.
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He created a punch card calculator used to count the U.S. Census. Hollerith also later formed the company now known as IBM.
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He invented the electronic tube which made possible the development of electronic computers.
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Aiken developed the first programmed controlled calculator at Harvard University.
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The three men were all engineers at Bell Laboratories and developed the transistor.
