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Jan 1, 962
The Holy Roman Empire
After the death of Charlemagne, the empire balkanized into several separate states. In 962, a pope named Otto as the new emperor. Otto was similar to Charlemagne in the fact that they both worked closely for the church. -
Period: Sep 13, 1000 to Sep 14, 1492
High and late Middle Ages
Nation state - A political unit, that has to have territory, boundaries, political organization that controls its own internal and foreign affairs, a population and it must be recognized by other political units. -
Jan 1, 1150
The struggle for Italy
The battle between popes and emperors for Italy left lasting effects on Germany and Italy. The Holy Roman Empire survived but became a patchwork of feudal states. France and England became nation states, however France would not become a nation state for another 600 years. -
Jan 1, 1215
King John signs Magna Carta
The Magna Carta shaped English government for many years to come. It contained 2 important ideas; 1) nobles had rights, which would later be extended to all citizens and 2) The document forced monarchs to obey the same laws as a s others. -
Jan 1, 1291
The impact of the Crusades
The Crusades were on and off for over 200 years. A result of the Crusades is that land became further divided up. These states became known as crusader states. The Crusades also helped expand European economies, increase the power of the monarchs, and help give insight to a wider worldview. -
Jan 1, 1295
The development of Parliament
King Edward the first called on Parliament to approve money for his wars in France. This eventually led to the Model Parliament which set up the framework for England's legislature.
