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Period: to
Great Depression Era
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Unenplyment Rates
1920 -5.2%
1921 -8.7%
1929 - 3.2%
1932 - 23.6%
1938 - 19%
1947 - 4.7%
1950 - 5.3%
1975 - 8.5%
1990 - 5.6%
2009 - 9.3%
Today - 7.8% -
Langston Hughes
He was an African American poet who was influenced by the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes thought the idea of communism was great instead of a segregated America. Langston Hughes was a prolific writer. In the forty-odd years between his first book in 1926 and his death in 1967, he devoted his life to writing and lecturing. He wrote sixteen books of poems, two novels, three collections of short stories, twenty plays, children's poetry, and more. (The date is his first published poem) -
The Great Depression
The Great Depression was an economic slump in North America, Europe, and other industrialized areas of the world that began in 1929 and lasted until about 1939. It was the longest and most severe depression ever experienced by the industrialized Western world. It caused widespread unemployment and poverty across the board. -
Mexican Repatrition
In 1929 to 1944, over two million people of Mexican descent - 1.2 million of whom were born in the United States - were repatriated to Mexico. As unemployment ravaged the nation at the dawn of the 1930s, anti-immigration attitudes arose within the government and the public from the belief that aliens were stealing American jobs. As a result of concerted efforts by federal, local, and state governments to remove them from jobs desired for whites. (start of legal actions to remove immigrants) -
The Dust Bowl
A combination of drought and poor land use created the environmental disaster of the Dust Bowl. Three million people left their farms on the Great Plains to the west coast. The event got the name the dustbowl because of the huge dust storms caused by high winds and loose dirt. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
President Franklin D. Roosevelt led the United States during both the Great Depression and World War II. Paralyzed from the waist down after suffering a bout of polio, Roosevelt overcame his disability and was elected President of the United States an unprecedented four times. He was responsible for bringing hope to the AMerican People during the Great Depression and he was accredited with bringing the country out of the Great Depression. (when he was elected into office) -
The New Deal
The New Deal was a comprehensive series of social and economic programs enacted during the Great Depression by the Franklin D. Roosevelt Administration that have become part of our everyday lives today. The multitude of programs were intended to provide relief, recovery and reform. It was intended to stop further falling of the economy, raise it back up to an acceptable standard and then institute programs that prevent it from ever happening again. (The date was the start of the 100 days) -
Relief, Recovery, Reform
Relief, recovery, reform was the basis of FDR's strategy for bringing the country out of the depression. He wanted relieve the problem and stop it from progressing. He wanted to recover or bring the economy back up to an acceptable standard. Then he wanted to reform the economy standards and make it so it doesn't happen again. -
Entitlement Programs and Solvency
An entitlement program can be defined as a governmental mechanism where public funds are given to people because they meet some kind of requirement.
Solvency is when one of these programs ran out of money. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
The FDIC was created in 1933 in response to the thousands of bank failures that occurred in the 1920s and early 1930s.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent agency created by the Congress to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation's financial system by:
-insuring deposits,
-examining and supervising financial institutions for safety and soundness and consumer protection, and
-managing receiverships. -
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
This organization regulates the Stock market by protecting investors, maintaining fair, orderly, and efficient markets, and facilitating capital formation.
Created by the securities exchange act of 1934 -
Tennessee Valley Authority
A new deal program that created dams leading to huge employment oppurtunites, cheap electrical power and flood control. -
Medicare and Medicaid
Medicaid and Medicare are two entitlement programs that provide medical and health-related services to specific groups of people in the United States.
Medicaid is a means-tested health and medical services program for certain individuals and families with low incomes and few resources.
Medicare is a Federal health insurance program that pays for hospital and medical care for elderly and certain disabled Americans.
Created under 1965 social security admendments compared to the first one in 1935. -
Social Security and the Social Security Administration (SSA)
Created to provide a secure retirement income, benefits for unemployment and the disabled. This still exists today and provides medicare. -
Judicial Interpretation of the New Deal
In 1935-36, the Court struck down eight of FDR's New Deal programs, including the National Recovery Act (NRA) and the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA). FDR submitted to Congress early in February 1937 a plan for "judicial reform," which came to be known as his attempt to "pack" the Supreme Court. Given Roosevelt's record for legislative success, it is interesting to discover why this plan to reconstitute the Court with Justices more favorable to the New Deal failed. -
Dorothea Lange
Dorothea Lange was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1895 and studied photography in New York City before the First World War. In 1919, she moved to San Francisco, where she earned her living as a portrait photographer for more than a decade. During the Depression's early years Lange's interest in social issues grew and she began to photograph the city's dispossessed. (The picture is one of her photographs of a migrants from oklahoma washing in a desert hot spring)
