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The Phenakistoscope
Created by Joseph Plateau
Used the persistence of motion principle to create the illusion of moving images -
Stop-Motion Animation
The animation technique of physically manipulating an object so that it appears to move on its own.
Ex:
The Nightmare Before Christmas
The Corpse Bride
Coraline -
The Enchanted Drawing
Created by J. Stuart Blackton
One of the first and most famous experiments with stop-motion animation -
Period: to
Silent Age of Animation
Earliest age of mainstream animation
Ex:
Little Nemo
Gertie the Dinosaur -
Little Nemo
Created by Winsor McCay
Based off of McCay's comic strip -
Gertie the Dinosaur
Created by Winsor McCay
It displayed unique imagery that could not be traced from real life and influenced many future animation pioneers. -
Cel Animation
Frame-by-frame animation of a character on top of a static background
Ex:
Snow White and the Seven Dwarves
Alice in Wonderland
Pinocchio -
Walt Disney
Ex:
Steamboat Willie (1928)
Snow White and the Seven Dwarves (1937)
Pinocchio (1940) -
Cut-Out Animations
Created by Lotte Reineger
Technique that uses flat characters, props and backgrounds cut from various materials to produce animations -
Bouncing Ball
Pioneered by Max Fleischer -
Period: to
Golden Age of Animation
The rise of theatrical animation with sound and emergence of feature-length animated films
Ex:
Steamboat Willie
Snow White and the Seven Dwarves
Pinocchio -
Steamboat Willie
Created by Walt Disney Studios
Known for being the first cartoon with a completely post-produced soundtrack of music, dialogue, and sound effects. -
Warner Brothers
Ex:
Sinking in the Bathtub (1930)
Loony Tunes (1933)
Space Jam (1996) -
Period: to
Dark Age of Animation
Animation came to television, children became the target audience, and Limited Animation became the rule.
Ex:
Yogi Bear
The Flintstones
The Jetsons
