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National Constituent Assembly
The National Constituent Assembly stopped feudalism, established civil equality among men and gave half of adult men the right to vote. They paid off the public debt which led to the redistribution of property, and end the ancien régime, the way the population was under the kings' power and distributed into clergy, nobility and the Third State. The Assembly also tried to establish the Civil Constitution of the Clergy to reorganize the church, however, it caused a schism in the French church. -
Formal Opening of the Estates General
The Opening of the Estates General, marked the beginning of the French Revolution. The ceremony was held on Versailles in which the three estates were allowed to come. King Louis XVI wanted to find a solution to the economic and social crisis in the country. The first two Estates said that the raise of taxes would end the situation, however the Third Estate (commoners), not convinced with the solution, took things by their own hands and started the French Revolution. -
Tennis Court Oath
It was one of the most famous acts of the French revolution led by the representatives of the Third Estate who wanted a constitution to be written.
It all started after the ususal meeting place of the Estates General, the Hôtel des Menus-Plaisirs at Versailles, had been closed by the king's orders. Taking this as a hostile move by the king, they moved to the closest avaliable space, an indoor tennis court where they took an oath (promise) to not move from there until a constitution was written. -
Storming of the Bastille
Historical event in which the French revolutionaries attacked the Bastille (prison) for the 250 barrels of gunpowder it was keeping. The Parisians gathered around the Bastille ready to attack it, there were two bridges keeping the population from entering and an army inside led by Bernard-Rene de Launay. Realising him and his army could not defeat the swarm of angry people, de Launay surrendered and lowered the bridges, then he and his army was captured and executed and seven inmates were freed. -
The August Decrees
It was the abolition of seigneurialism (a form of feudalism) in France to unify France and set the nation. On the 4th of August, Duke D'Aiguillon proposed to abolish all feudal rights and so the deputies of the Assembly each rose and one by one surrendered their feudal rights. -
The declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
Inspired by the American declaration of independence. The Assembly formed by the Estates General who had the idea of creating a new constitution and declaration of rights. There were many proposals, and the voting time lasted from the 20th to the 26th. In the end, The declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen had a preamble and 17 articles. -
The flight to Varennes
It was the royal familys' failed attempt of fleeing France fearing they would be assasinated. However, they were detained and brought to the capital the next day after being intercepted. This event is considered so importamt to the FRench history because it showed how untrustworthy and unreliable the king was. -
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Legislative Assembly
A period of time happening in the second revolution. The first one was created in 1791 -
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1st French Republic
It started with the assasination of the king Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette which led to the Declaration of Rightsn of Man and the establishment of the first republic. -
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National Convention
An assembly that ruled over France until October 1975 during the most critical moments of the French Revolution. Durin the first phase there were two mayor revolutonary factions, the Montagnards and the Girondins which ended woth the Girondins being expelled from The Assembly. During the second phase, the Montafgnards ruled over The Assembly. However, against the radivcal political ideas of the Assembly, many members of the convention decided to overthrone the mayor Assembly leaders. -
The Assembly declares war on Austria
It occurred when the kingdoms close to France did not know if to support the king or let the revolution evolve. Then Austria set some of its troops on the frontier border with France. Despite France asking to remove them they refused, and France declared War on them -
Storming of the Tuileries Palace
Some years after the storming of the Bastille, the Parisians decided to get another target, and this time it was the Tuileries Palace, home of Louis XVI and where the legislative assembly was. -
Execution of Louis XVI
After being captured in his failed attempt of leaving France, King Louis XVI was taken back to Paris where one day after he was executed by guillotine by the charge of high treason. This was a major moment on the Fench revoltion since it was the only monarch executed by its people and it led to the Reing of terror -
Execution of Robespierre
Robespierre “Incorruptible One" was a politician during the Reing of Terror who was executed via guillotine in a conspiracy of other politicians he worked with, who did not want to end the Reing of Terror, but to take Robespierre power out of his hands. This event led to the end of the Reing of Terror. -
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Directory
It was a committee formed by five people during the end of the French Revolution, it ruled from 1795, but, because of its unpopularity and instability, it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte. -
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The Napoleonic Era
It was Napoleon's ruling time when he wanted to establish a dynasty and extend the French Empire all over Europe and proclaimed himself Emperor. -
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The Consulate
It was when the Constitution of the Year III was established. However, the first consul, Napoleon Bonaparte, took all the power and established his Empire. He abolished the Consulate when he proclaimed himself emperor. -
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The Empire
It was the empire ruled by Napoleon that established hegemony over Europe. However, it only lasted for 11 years.
In 1804 he was crowned emperor which meant the end of the French consulate and of the French First Republic. -
Battle of Austerlitz
It was one of Napoleons' greatest battles in which his troops defeated the russian ones and forced Austria to make peace with France in the Treaty of Pressburg. Thanks to Napoleons' strategies, he was able to defeat 90.000 men with his 68.000 men -
Battle of Trafalgar
It was a battle agains the UK and the French and Spanish troops in an attemp to take control of the English channel. The allies parted from Cadiz and headed towards England. Despite being outnumbered, the English were able to separate the French and Spanish troops and defeat them. -
Battle of Leipzig
A battle between the armies of Russia, Austria, Prussia, and Sweden which defeated the armies of France, Italy, and Germany. It involved so many people that it was the largest out of the Napoleonic wars and the one prior to World WarI. -
Battle of Waterloo
The battle in which the French armies of Napoleon were defeated by the English and Prussian armies. Before that, Napoleon had attacked a Prussian army and had them retire to another place. However, that one was very close to the English army. Because of that, Prussia and England became allies and fought against France.