The First World War

By Hazel123

  • Assination of Arch Duke Frans Ferdinand

    Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian Empire, was killed along with his wife during a drive while visiting Sarajevo, the capital city of Bosnia. This event is generally accepted by historians as being the immediate cause of the First World War, though tensions had been previously building.
  • Period: to

    World War I

  • German's Promise support for Austrians

    Kaiser William II of Germany promises German support for their Austrian allies against Serbia.

  • Austria Declares War on Serbia

    Because the assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand was commited by Serbs, Austria declares war on Serbia.

  • Germany Declares War on Russia

    Germany declares war on the Russians, who are compelled to defend Serbia.

  • The Scheifflin Plan

    The Germans declared war on France and implemented their invasion of Belgium, part of their Scheifflen Plan. The Plan was intended to bring about a swift victory for Germany in the event of a two-front war. It concentrated on exploiting the differences in the amount of time neighboring countries would need to prepare for war. The Belgium army was swept aside easily enough, however, the French held off the German forces. With the failure of the Schleiffen Plan, trench warfare ensued.

  • Britain Declares War on Germany

    Britain joins its French and Russian allies.

  • Russians Defeated at Tannenburg and Masurian Lakes

    The invading Russian and German armies battled in East Prussia at the start of the war. This battle is considered one of the most clean-cut German victories throughout the war, however, the Russian distraction in the east played a part in the failure of the Schleiffen Plan.

  • The Battle of the Marne

    The Battle of the Marne was fought during September of 1914. Casualties were high on both sides. The French lost about 250,000 soldiers, as did the Germans. The BEF lost about 13,000 men as well. This battle signifies the beginning of full-blown trench warfare, which would dominate the front throughout the rest of the war. The French managed to save Paris, however, and Germany's Schleiffen Plan had failed.

  • Turkey Enters the War on Germany's Side

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  • First Zeppelin Raid on Britain

    Zepplins were a relatively new technology. The models built in 1914 had five machine guns and could carry 4,400 lbs. of bombs. Their maximum speed was 136 kph and they could reach a height of 4,250 metres. this particular raid took place over the east coast of England. Yarmouth and King's Lynn were both bombed.

  • Allied Troops Land in Gallipoli

    The campaign at the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey was a joint British and French attempt to capture Istanbul and secure a sea route to Russia. The British and French forces failed at the expense of many casualties on both sides.

  • Sinking of the Lusitania

    The RMS Lusitania was an ocean liner owned by Cunard Lines. She was attacked by a German U-boat and sank in eighteen minutes. 1,198 of the nearly 2,000 passengers aboard died. Many of the passengers were American citizens. It is considered the second most famous civilian liner disaster, following the sinking of the RMS Titanic. These events did a lot to turn public opinion of several countries, including the United States, against the Germans.

  • Italy Declares War on Germany and Austria

  • Germans Capture Warsaw from Russia

  • Battle of Loos

  • Allies Begin Evacuation of Gallipoli

    After their failed campaign, the Allied powers were forced to forsake Gallipoli.

  • Conscription Introcuced in Britain

    Beginning in 1916, the law in Britain stated that each man had to serve in the military for a certain period of time. Britain was beginning to run out of volunteer soldiers.

  • Battle of Verdun

    A ten-month long battle between the German and French Armies. Hundreds of thousands died on both sides and no real advantage was won for either country. The French successfully defended the city of Verdun and pushed the German forces back.

  • Battle of Jutland

    The Battle of Jutland was the largest naval battle of the war. Fought by the Germans and the British in the North Sea near Jutland, Denmark, the battle claimed 14 British and 11 German ships. the British, however, maintained naval control of the North Sea.

  • Beginning of the Brusilov Offensive

    The Brusilov Offensive is known as the Russians greatest feat furing the war and is ranked as one of the world's most deadly battles. It was a major offensive against the armies of the Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria, Italy) in what is now the Ukraine. The battle lasted through August and achieved several goals, including distracting Germany from Verdun and severely crippling Austro-Hungarian Army.

  • Battle of the Somme Begins

    The Battle of the Somme was a British and French offensive launched against invading German forces in the Somme portion of France along the Somme River. It was one of the largest battles of the entire war with 1.5 million casualties by the time it ended in November of 1916. British and French forces penetrated about 6 miles into the German line. The Germans failed to accomplish several of their objectives but still maintained partially entrenched areas.

  • End of the Brusilov Offensive

  • Tanks come into the war

    Tanks were used for the first time en masse. They were also used at the Battle of the Somme. Early tanks were fairly unreliable, as is almost any new technology, but they had a part in partially ending some of the madness of trench warfare.

  • David Lloyd George becomes Prime Minister of Britain

    David Lloyd George was the first Welsh Prime Minister of Britain and would lead the country to victory during World War I.

  • German Submarine Warfare

    Germany adopted a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare in an attempt to starve Great Britain.

  • The February Revolution

    Strikes broke out across Russia against Czar Nicholas II. The revolution was largely because of the heavy loss of life during WWI. Nicholas abdicated in March. The February Revolution was the first of several revolutions which combined are called the Russian Revolution.

  • Nicholas II of Russia Abdicates

    With the abdication of the czar, the short-lived Provisional Government came to power in Russia and attempted to form a republic.

  • America enters the war

    The USA declared war on Germany

  • Battle of Caporetto

    Italian forces were severely defeated at the Battle of Caporetto.

  • Red October

    Also known as the Soviet Revolution, took place in Petrograd. The Soviets, with the support of the common people, overthrew the Provisional Government, which had failed to pull out of World War I. A Russian Civil War followed (1917-1922) and the Soviets gained full power over the country, recreating it as the Soviet Union.

  • British Victory at Cambrai

    British won a major victory at Cambrai with the use of tanks.

  • Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

    Peace Treaty between Russia and Germany. The Communist Revolution overturned the monarchy and the Russians called for an end to the war.

  • Germany Broke Through on the Somme

  • German Offensive at Flanders

    Flanders was fought over from 1914 until nearly the end of the war.

  • Beginning of the Second Battle of the Marne

  • Execution of the Russian Royals

    Czar Nicholas II, his wife, son and four daughters were all executed by the Bolsheviks after being imprisoned following his abdications. The Romanov dynasty officially and tragically ended.

  • Turkish Forces Collapse at Megiddo

  • German Navy Mutinies

  • Turkey Makes Peace

  • Austria Makes Peace

  • Kaiser William II of Germany Abdicates

  • Germany Signs Armisctice With Allies

    Official end of WWI. The photograph is of a march through the streets of London in celebration of the end of the war.

  • The Treaty of Versailles

    The official peace settlement known as the Treaty of Versailles was signed near the beautiful palace at Versailles, near Paris. The treaty was very harsh on Germany and the resentment it created is often credited with the onset of the Second World War . The treaty forced Germany to accept full responsibility for the the war and pay reparations, give up territories and reduce the army size to a meager 100,000 souls,