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Period: to
Stage 1 Focused of product
fridke -
30`s, Stage 1 Focused on product
Stage 1 Focused on product: Quality inspection after produccion.
During the early days of manufacturing, an operative`s work was inspected and a decision made whether to accept or reject it. As businesses became larger, so too did this role, and full time inspetion jobs were created. -
Period: to
Stage 2 Focused on processes
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Walter Andrew Shewhart
New Canton, llinois. (March 18, 1892 - March 11, 1967)
Know as the father of statistical quality control. Shewhart made the first sketch of a modern control chart. His work was later developed by Deming and the early work of Shewhart, -
30`s-50`s Stage 2 Focused on processes
Stage 2 Focused on processes: Quality inspetion during the manufacturing process.
The birth of the separate inspectioon deparment with a chief inspector, reporting to either the person in charge of manufaturing or the works manager. With the craetion of this new department, there came new services and issues. Hence the quality control deparment evolved, in charge of which a quality control manager, with responsibility for inspection services and quality control engineering. -
William Edward Deming
Sioux,City lowa, EUC. (October 14, 1900 - December 20, 1993)
Deming, Dogde and Roming constitutes much of what today comprises the theory of statistical process control SPC. There was little use of these techniques in manufacturing companies until the late 40`s. -
Shingeo Shingo
Saga, Japan. (1909 - 1990)
Was a japaneses industrial engineer who is considered as the world`s leading expert on manufacturing practices and the Toyota production system. The theorist of important innovations related to industrial engineering, such as Poka-yoke and the Zero Quality Control. -
Period: to
Stage 3 Focused on system
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Armand V. Feigenbaum
New york, USA (06 April 1920 - 13 November 2014)
His contributions to the quality body of knowledge include:
-Total quality control
-The concept of a hidden plant
-Accountability for quality -
50`s - 60`s Stage 3 Focused on system
Stage 3 Focused on system: Quality assurance throughout the system.
In the early 1950`s, quality management practices developed rapidly in Japaneses plants, and become a major theme in japanese management philosopht, such that, by 1960, quality control and management had become a national preoccupation. -
Kaoru Ishikawa
Tokyo, Japan. (13 July 1915 - 16 April 1989)
-User friendly quality control
-Fishbone cause and effect diagram
-Implementation of quality circles
-Emphasised the internal customer
-Shared vision
At that time, Japan`s industrial system was virtually destroyed, and it had a reputation for cheap imitation products and an illiterate waorkface. The japanese recognised these problems and set about solving them with the help of some notable quality gurus - Juran, Deming and Feigenbaum. -
Period: to
Stage 4 Focused on prevention
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Period: to
Stage 5 Focused on people
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Period: to
Stage 6 Focused on costs
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60`s - 70`s
Stage 4: Focused on prevention: Continous improvement, reducing non-quality costs.
Stage 5: Focused on people: Employee training, quality circles.
Stage 6: Focused on costs: Loss funtion.
By the late 1960`s and early 1970`s Japan`s imports into the USA and Europe increased significantly, due to its cheaper, higher quality products, compared to the Western counterparts. -
Joseph Moses Juran
Romania, (December 24, 1904 - February 28, 2008)
Juran was one of the first to write about the cost of poor quality. -
Genichi Taguchi
Japan, (January 1, 1924 - June 2, 2012)
Taguchi developed a methodology for applying statistics to improve the quality of manufactured goods. -
The development
In 1969 the first international conference on quality control, sponsored by Japan, America and Europe, was
held in Tokyo. In a paper given by Feigenbaum, the term “total quality” was used for the first time, and
referred to wider issues such as planning, organisation and management responsibility. Ishikawa gave a
paper explaining how “total quality control” in Japan was different, it meaning “company wide quality
control”, and describing how all employees, from top management to the workers, mus -
Period: to
Stage 7 Focused on culture
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Period: to
Stage 8 Focused on service
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Period: to
Stage 9 Reoriented on processes
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The british standard
In a Department of Trade & Industry publication in 1982 it was stated that Britain’s world trade share was
declining and this was having a dramatic effect on the standard of living in the country. There was intense
global competition and any country’s economic performance and reputation for quality was made up of the
reputations and performances of its individual companies and products/services. -
80`s - 90`s
Stage 7: Focused on cultural: Cultural change in the organization
Stage 8: Focused on service: Customer satisfaction
Stage 9: Focused on processes: Process reengineering
The quality revolution in the West was slow to follow, and did not begin until the early 1980’s, when
companies introduced their own quality programmes and initiatives to counter the Japanese success. Total
quality management (TQM) became the centre of these drives in most cases. -
Period: to
Stage 10 Global Focus
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TQM
As we move into the 21st century, TQM has developed in many countries into holistic frameworks, aimed
at helping organisations achieve excellent performance, particularly in customer and business results. In
Europe, a widely adopted framework is the so-called “Business Excellence” or “Excellence” Model,
promoted by the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM), and in the UK by the British
Quality Foundation (BQF).”
