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Period: 1 BCE to 400
1B.C Infanticide mode (Antiquity to the fourth century)
There are hundreds of clear references from ancient writers that infanticide during antiquity was an accepted everyday fact. Children were thrown into rivers, flung into dung-heaps and black trenches, "potted" in jars to starve. There were gynecological writings on "How to recognize the newborn that is worth raising", those children who did not meet these parameters were generally murdered. -
Period: 301 to 1300
Abandoning mode (from the 4th to the 13th century)
Some of the forms of abandonment were:
* The amount of time parents actually spent raising their children was minimal.
* Another practice of abandonment was the use of children as political hostages and debt guarantees, and also to make them suffer for the bad faith of their parents.
* It was common for a baby to be sent to another family to raise until age 17 and then returned to the parents
* Sending children to the nurse -
374
The law began to consider the murder of an infant
Until the 4th century AD, infanticide neither in Greece nor in Rome was considered wrong by law or public opinion. Although in the two centuries after Augustus, some attempts were made to pay parents to keep children alive in order to replenish the decline of the Roman population. -
601
A man could not sell his son as a slave after the age of 7
The oldest and most extreme form of abandonment is the total sale of children. The sale of children was legal in Babylonian times and may have been quite common among many nations in ancient times. The church tried for centuries to end the sale of children. Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury in the 7th century, ruled that a man could not sell his son as a slave after the age of 7. -
Period: 1301 to
Ambivalent mode (from 14th to 17th centuries)
When the child was allowed to enter the emotional life of the parents, it was still a container for projections. His task was to mold them. -
1405
Children over the age of three should not be allowed to see nude adults
Giovanni Dominici, writing in 1405, tried to put some limits on the convenient "innocence" of childhood; He said that children over the age of three should not be allowed to see nude adults. The language he used made it clear that the parents themselves abused their children. -
17th century
The struggle between parents and children for control of urine and feces in childhood is an invention of the 17th century. Babies' urine and feces were often examined to determine the internal state of the child. Children's guts were thought to harbor matter that spoke to the adult world with insolence, threat, malice, and insubordination. -
1676; Children were considered as a result of contaminated sin
In this period, (1676) Baptism used to include the actual exorcism of the devil, with the boy or girl being considered as a result of contaminated sin. Some attempts were made to limit the beating of children. -
Intrusive mode (18th century)
The child was no longer so full of dangerous projections, and instead of examining his guts with an enema, the parents got even closer and tried to conquer his mind, to control his guts, his rage, his needs, his masturbation, his own will. -
Socializing Mode (19th and mid 20th centuries)
As projections continued to diminish, raising a child became less a process of conquering his will than of educating him, guiding him on suitable paths, teaching him to adapt, socializing him . -
Helping mode (begins in the middle of the 20th century)
Helping mode implies the proposition that the child knows better than the parents what he needs at each stage of his life, and involves. -
The Convention on the Rights of the Child recognizes the child as a social being with rights and duties
At the end of the 20th century, boys and girls began to be seen as a social group, with a series of internationally recognized rights, being the subject of rights and not the object of them. The Convention on the Rights of the Child recognizes that they are citizens with full rights, and that among their rights is social participation.
