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Published Navigation act
Britain wanted to secure its mercantilism policies could develop, it published Navigation Act and revised it gradually. It strictly controlled several goods to make sure itself can export most part without huge importing from foreign. Americans felt unsatisfactory to this act, because it limited the development of colonies. -
John Locke/ Baron de Montesquieu
The leader of European Enlightenment movement. They first suggested the idea of democracy and Seperation of powers -
Period: to
The French and Indians Revolution
Social / Longterm effect
Cause: The conflicts
The war between Britain and France. British finally won the war. After the war was ended, British counted the cost of war on their colonists in America by rising taxes, and this act cause great disaffection during American colonists. This cause is very inclusive, cause impacts on economic/political/social, and it was definitely a long term cause since it was one of the roots cause of American Revolution. -
John Hancock
The first man who signed in Independence of Declaration and became the first chairman of continental meeting. He was an American merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution. He served as president of the Second Continental Congress and was the first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. -
Sugar Act
Economic/ Longterm effect
the first law after the French and Indian war. Among various provisions, it increased the duty on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies to secure its own sugar industries. After bitter protests from the colonists, the duties were lowered substantially, and the agitation died down. -
Benjamin Franklin
The leader of American independence, famous and intelligent gentleman. He first emphasized the importance of unity and supported the following American independence. The time I wrote when he most involved into American affirs. He was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Franklin was a renowned polymath and a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, freemason, postmaster, scientist, inventor, humorist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. -
Quartering Act
Social/ Longterm effect
It required certain colonies to provide food and quarters for British troops, which protected colonists. Most American refused to provide their house for soliders. -
Stamp Act Congress
Economic/ Political/ Longterm effect
It held most colonies in New York City twenty-seven distinguished delegates from nine colonies. After a dignified debate, the members drew up a statement of their rights and grievances and protested this unreasonable act. However, it was ignored by England. -
Stamp Act
Economic/ Longterm effect
It mandated the use of stamped paper or the affixing of stamps, certifying payment of tax. Stamps were required on bills of sale for about fifty trade items as well as on certain types of commercial and legal documents, including playing cards, pamphlets, newspapers, diplomas, bills of lading, and marriage licenses. -
Declaratory Act
After Britain Parliament abolished Stamp Act, it published Declaratory Act to emphasize its rights to control and arrange colonies. -
Townshend Act
Economic/ Social/ Longterm
The most important of these new regulations was a light import duty on glass, white lead, paper, paint, and tea. Townshend, seizing on a dubious distinction between internal and external taxes, made this tax, unlike the stamp tax, an indirect customs duty payable at American ports. But to the increasingly restless colo- nists, this was a phantom distinction. This should be a social and political, also a long term cause -
Samuel Adams
the leading spirit in hosting the Boston Tea Party. He was also an American statesman, political philosopher, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He was a politician in colonial Massachusetts, a leader of the movement that became the American Revolution, and one of the architects of the principles of American republicanism that shaped the political culture of the United States. He was a second cousin to fellow Founding Father, President John Adams. -
Boston Massacre
Social/ Economic/ Shorterm
The direct body conflicts between Americans and Britain in Boston. After deliberately preparations, the troops opened fire and were forced to kill or wound eleven citizens, an event that became known as the Boston Massacre. -
Thomas Jefferson
The writer of Independence of Declaration; the well-known lawyer and politician; the founder of the democratic-republic party. He was an American statesman, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and the principal author of the Declaration of Independence. A proponent of democracy, republicanism, and individual rights motivating American colonists to break from Great Britain and form a new nation, he produced formative documents and decisions at both the state and national level. -
Boston Tea Party
Political/ Social/ Longterm effect
On December 16, 1773, roughly a hundred Bos-tonians smashed open 342 chests of tea, and dumped their contents into the Atlantic.The conflicts were inevitable between the colonists and the British, since British strated to financially support it with much cheaper tea price, into swallowing the principle of the detested tax. And the British enforced the law. Many cities showed their furiousness to the law. -
Intolerable Acts
Political/ Shortterm. By huge majorities in 1774, it passed a series of acts designed to chastise Boston in particular and Massachusetts in general in response to the Boston Tea Party. Many of the chartered rights of colonial Massachusetts were swept away. Especially the Quebec Act, it had a wider range. -
First continental meeting
The first official meeting among all colonies （except Georgia), people came from different place first sit up to discuss their collective future. This meeting largely improved their confidence and determination to break with Great Britain. -
Lexington Massacre
Social/ Shorterm effect
In April 1775 the British commander in Boston sent a detachment of troops to nearby Lexington and Concord. They were to seize stores of colonial gunpowder and also to bag the “rebel” ringleaders, Samuel Adams and John Hancock. The direct conflicts between British troops and militetia caused eight Americans died and wounded several more. -
George Washington
The first president, the leader of the continental army. When Washington's was young, he became the senior officer in the colonial militia at the beginning of the French and Indian War. In 1775, the Second Continental Congress authorized him as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army. He was known the "father of the country". -
Thomas Paine
The writer of "common sense", the most famous book in that period.
He largely awoke Americans to fight for their rights and freedom.
