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Period: 18,000 BCE to 6500 BCE
Landbridge between GB and Europe
GB was connected by a landbridge between "England" and the "Netherlands"
So easy access for the migrants -
Period: 6000 BCE to 63 BCE
Pre-Roman Britain: the Celts
Celts are the main inhabitants during Iron Age called like that because they could work with iron (-1000 -500BC), interconnected peoples = tribes with a chief, they were no unity and many wars, they were pagans (druids), they built hill-fort, they traded with Gaul or Italy, they spoke Celtic languages such as Gaelic still spoken in certain areas.
They are the ancestors of many inhabitants of Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Cornwall.
The Celts failed to control Caledonia (=modern Scotland) -
Period: 63 BCE to 410
Roman Invasion
Roman invaded GB to prevent British Celts from helping the Gauls, for the Roman Republic to regain prestige and power, but also to use Celtic resources (food, minerals) to build and enlarge the Roman Empire.
They created many towns: about 20 large towns of about 5000 inhabitants. They were army camps: Manchester, Gloucester, Lancaster, Leicester, and Winchester.
Impressive road network.
Londinium was the capital with 20 000 inhabitants
Romans was at peace, tax system installed, mineral exports -
55 BCE
Caesar visited GB
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54 BCE
Caesar visited GB 2
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122
Wall Hadrian
Emperor Hadrian had a wall built to protect Britannia from the Picts who were a constant threat -
122
Hadrian wall
Emperor Hadrian had a wall built to protect Britannia from the Picts who were a constant threat -
Period: 300 to 410
End of the Roman Empire in GB
Britannia was attacked by barbarians: Picts from Caldonia ("Scotland"), the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes from Northern Europe ("Germany" and "Denmark")
Trade declined and links with Rome were weakened
The Romans withdrew from Britannia in 410AD -
410
Romans withdrew from Britannia