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384 BCE
Aristotle
Aristotle believed that all the planets including the earth are spheres. He also thought that earth was the center of the universe and all the planets floated around the earth. He got some theory's right and some wrong. -
190 BCE
Hipparchus
He is considered the founder of trigonometry but is most famous for his incidental discovery of precession of the equinoxes. Hipparchus was born in Nicaea, Bithynia. -
100
Ptolemy
Ptolemy wrote several scientific treatises, three of which were of importance to later Byzantine, Islamic and European science. Ptolemy's birthplace as the prominent Greek city Ptolemais Hermiou in Theblaid. -
1295
Mariner's Astrolabe
The mariners astrolabe was an inclinometer used to determine the latitude of a ship at sea. It worked by by measuring the sun's noon altitude or the meridian altitude of a star. -
1473
Copernius
Copernicus was born and died in Royal Prussia, a region that had been part of the Kingdom of Poland since 1466. Copernius invented the scientific method we still have today. -
1546
Tycho Brahe
Tycho Brahe was born in the then Danish peninsula of Scania. He was known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations. -
1570
Hans Lippershey
Hans Lippershey is commonly associated with the invention of the telescope, because he was the first one who tried to obtain a patent for it. Lippershey was born in Wesel, now in western Germany, in 1570. -
1571
Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler is a key figure in the 17th-century scientific revolution. Kepler was born in Weil der Stadt Germany. -
Refracting Telescopes
A refracting telescope is a type of optical telescope that uses a lens as its objective to form an image. The refracting telescope design was originally used in spy glasses and astronomical telescopes but is also used for long focus camera lenses. -
Galileo
The Galilean moons are the four largest moons of Jupiter—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. They were first seen by Galileo Galilei in January 1610, and recognized by him as satellites of Jupiter in March 1610. They are the first objects found to orbit another planet. Their names derive from the lovers of Zeus. -
Giovanni Cassini
Cassini was born in Perinaldo, near Imperia, at that time in the County of Nice, part of the Savoyard state. He was an Italian mathematician, astronomer and engineer. -
Sir Isaac Newton
Newton widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time and a key figure in the scientific revolution. He was born in Woolsthorpe Manor, United Kingdom. -
Reflecting Telescope
A reflecting telescope is a telescope that uses a single or combination of curved mirrors that reflect light and form an image. The reflecting telescope was invented in the 17th century,by Isaac Newton, as an alternative to the refracting telescope which, at that time, was a design that suffered from severe chromatic aberration. -
William Herschel
Herschel discovered the planet Sarurn and it's moons. He also found water on Mars. He was one of the most important space scientists. -
Percival Lowell
Lowell discovered the planet Pluto and studied "canalis" on Mars. Built the Lowell observatory in Flagstaff, AZ to study Mars. -
Ejnar Hertzsprung
One of the inventors of the Hertzsprung Russel Diagram. The HR diagram shows the correlation between the absolute magnitude and spectral type of star. -
Albert Einstein
Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. -
Edwin Hubble
Edwin Powell Hubble was an American astronomer. He played a crucial role in establishing the fields of extra galactic astronomy and observational cosmology and is regarded as one of the most important astronomers of all time. -
Karl Jansky
Karl Jansky first discovered radio waves emanating from the Milky Way. He is considered one of the founding figures of radio astronomy. -
John Glenn
Colonel John Herschel Glenn Jr. was a United States Marine Corps aviator, engineer, astronaut, and United States Senator from Ohio. In 1962, he became the first American to orbit the Earth, circling it three times. -
Neil Armstrong
Neil Alden Armstrong was an American astronaut, engineer, and the first person to walk on the Moon. He was also an aerospace engineer, naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor. -
Yuri Gagarin
Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin was a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey into outer space when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on 12 April 1961. -
Sputnik
Sputnik 1 was the first artificial Earth satellite. The Soviet Union launched it into an elliptical low Earth orbit on 4 October 1957. It was a 58 cm diameter polished metal sphere, with four external radio antennas to broadcast radio pulses. On 29 July 1955, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower announced through his press secretary that the United States would launch an artificial satellite during the International Geophysical Year. -
Apollo Missions
The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972. -
First Space Shuttle Flight
The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011. -
Mars Pathfinder Expedition
Mars Pathfinder is an American robotic spacecraft that landed a base station with a roving probe on Mars in 1997. This mission was the first of a series of missions to Mars that included rovers. -
Cassini Orbiter
The Cassini–Huygens mission, commonly called Cassini, was a collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency, and the Italian Space Agency to send a probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural satellites. -
SpaceX Falcon Heavy
Falcon Heavy is a partially-reusable heavy-lift launch vehicle designed and manufactured by SpaceX. It is derived from the Falcon 9 vehicle and consists of a strengthened Falcon 9.
