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The Arrival of The First Fleet
The First Fleet Arrived at Port Jackson in 1788 they sent 11 ships to Port Jackson. They had convicts on the ships they had no more room for the convicts. The convicts became a Penal Colony. They had to ship the convicts. After a voyage of three months the First Fleet arrived at Botany Bay on 24 January 1788. ... Discover the 1787 Draught Instructions for Governor Phillip that empowered Captain Arthur Phillip to establish a British Colony at Botany Bay. -
The Arrival Of The First Fleet Continued
On 18 January 1788 the First Fleet arrived at Botany Bay, which Joseph Banks had declared suitable for a penal colony after he returned from a journey there in 1770. Captain Arthur Phillip, the fleet's commander, brought a small party of marines and seamen ashore, but found the location unsuitable because the harbour was unsafe and the area lacked fresh water. -
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The Early Colonisation of Australia
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Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island has 23 settlers:7 freemen,15 convicts and the commandant, Lieutenant Phillip Gidley King. It established the penal colony of NSW. The settlement became a tiny township. The island's main purpose was to provide food for Sydney. Lieutenant Philip Gidley King, when he established a settlement on the island in March 1788 was impressed by the pines and sent seedlings back to the settlement at Port Jackson . -
Norfolk Island Continued
where the Norfolk Island pine soon became one of the most fashionable ornamental plants and was widely planted.The day after the First Fleet arrived in Botany Bay, Lieutenant Philip Gidley King began selecting the handful of men and women whose fate it would be to colonise Norfolk Island. Britain was then engaged in the American War of Independence and her supplies of timber for ship-building and flax for sails were almost exhausted. -
Newcastle
Administrative history
Newcastle was the site of the first secondary penal establishment in the colony. In 1801 Governor King authorised the establishment of a small settlement of soldiers and convicts to be employed in coal mines at Newcastle, but due to unfavourable factors they were recalled in 1802. The settlement was again established in March 1804. -
Van Diemen's Land
Van Diemen's Land is South of Australia. Its second name is Tasmania. Van Diemen's Land is a Penal colony. Van Diemen's land became a penal colony In 1803. When the convict station on Norfolk Island was abandoned in 1807-8, the remaining convicts and free settlers was transported to Hobart. -
Port Macquarie
In October 1821 there were 92 convicts at Port Macquarie. It was to easy for the convicts to escape. Francis Allman was appointed commandant of the new Penal colony established at Port Macquarie.
Those assigned to hard labour were part of chain gangs, or employed in agricultural work and public works construction. -
Moreton Bay
The majority of research into Australia's colonial past tends to focus on New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania). This information is mainly concerned. Female convicts held a unique position in the convict narrative of Moreton Bay, one which is often silence . -
Swan River
After 15 years of meagre growth WA chose to change from being a free colony to a penal colony. The traditional reason why is the local settlers needed cheap labour to help develop the region. The decision came when the eastern states were shutting down their penal settlements, so the offer was gladly accepted by Britain. The provisos were that serious criminals were not accepted, and neither were women, and the convicts could never return to Britain. -
Portland
The bay was named in 1800 by the British navigator James Grant, who sailed in the Lady Nelson along the Victorian coast. "I also distinguished the Bay by the name of Portland Bay, in honour of His Grace the Duke of Portland," wrote Grant. -
Port Phillip
The King decided to place a convict settlement at Port Phillip mainly to stake a claim to southern Australia ahead of the French. Lack of fresh water and good timber lead to the abandonment of this colony on January 27 1804. -
Melbourne
Melbourne began as a free settlement. John Batman who was a successful farmer in Tasmania wanted more land for farming. He went to Port Phillip Bay in May 1985. He explored the land it is now the Northern suburbs of Melbourne. On 6th of June 1835 Batman, as part of a Tasmania business group signed a treaty with eight Wurundjeri elders. -
Adelaide
In 1834 a group of people called "the South Australian association; persuaded British Parliament to give 802,511 square kilometres of land for a new colony and for this colony to be convict-free.
