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Period: to
Bartolomeo Cristofori
most pianists point to him for the invention of the "first" pianoforte -
Period: to
Franz Xaver Richter
inventor of string quartet, first composed in 1750s, prestigious chamber music genre -
Period: to
The Classical Era
role of melody was to establish symmetry in musical forms (order, objectivity, symmetry, etiquette, restraint, harmonic proportion) -
Period: to
Franz Joseph Haydn
one of the most original and inventive composers, had difficulties but ended up being hired by Esterhazys (1761) to compose, lead chapel services, train and supervise instrument maintenance and repairs -
Period: to
Giovanni Paisiello
very good Italian composer, wrote 94 operas -
String Quartet
one of the most important chamber genres; four movements, following general outline of a symphony -
Period: to
Instrumental Music
targeted towards middle/upper-class amateurs, noble courts, and dance music for all levels of society -
Period: to
Maria Anna Mozart (Nanner)
Mozart's older sister, toured with him during her childhood, she played difficult pieces with "incredible precision" -
Period: to
Maria Theresa von Paradis
excellent pianist and organist, renowned for her remarkable musical memory (60 concertos at a time), she was blind, and most of her music was lost -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
mass production possible, wanted to recreate Greek art and music -
Period: to
"Sturm und Drang" (Storm and Stress)
German authors were first to signal an interest in creating literature that was more dramatic and realistic, foreshadowing of Romanticism -
Period: to
American Revolution
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Piano
first patented version of piano was in London -
Mozart
he bought his first piano in Vienna -
Piano Concerto in G Major, K. 453
Mozart wrote 27 piano concertos, most of which he played himself, was written for a student of his named Babette (Barbara von Ployer) -
Period: to
French Revolution
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Symphony No. 100 in G Major
one of London symphonies, used trumpet fanfares, Turkish military percussion instruments: triangle, cymbals, bass drum, bell tree, riq -
"Papa Haydn"
retired in Vienna, was celebrity, composed 2 large and important oratorios late in his life, 1803 his health declined and he stopped composing -
Haydn's Concerti
trumpet concerto in E-flat Major, 3 movements (allegro, andante, allegro) (sonata rondo form) -
String Quartet in C Major, Opus 76, No. 3
theme and variations, theme and variation 1 are homophonic; variations 2, 3, and 4 are polyphonic -
"The Creation"
by "Papa Haydn" -
"The Seasons"
by "Papa Haydn"