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Rosa Parks rebels
"At the time I was arrested I had no idea it would turn into this. It was just a day like any other day. The only thing that made it significant was that the masses of the people joined in."
Rosa parks refused to give up her seat to a white person on her daily bus trip. Her arrest inspired the Montgomery Bus Boycotts, which lasted 381 days and deprived the bus system of 75% of its riders until they were granted more rights. -
Garner Vs. Louisiana-Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall succesfully argues that peaceful sit-in protesters could not be convicted under Louisiana's "disturbing the peace laws". The Supreme Court unanimously votes in his favor. -
Martin Luther King Jr. launches Birmingham Campaign
‘‘We cannot in all good conscience obey such an injunction which is an unjust, undemocratic and unconstitutional misuse of the legal process’’ (ACMHR, 11 April 1963) The courts ordered the civil rights demonstrations be stopped, but the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) and King's Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) banded together to begin the successful Birmingham Campaign. -
Medgar Evers Assassinated
Leader in the NAACP and one of Louisiana's primary civil rights activists, Medgar Evers, was shot outside of his family home. He was buried at Arlington with military honors. Outrage over his death added fuel to the fire that led to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 -
Freedom Summer
the Congress on Racial Equality and the Student non-violent Coordinating Commitee banded together to organize a massive voting registration drive in Mississippi during the summer of 1964. There was great opposition, and at least three activists were killed, but the movement of thousands of activists from up North, many white, was greatly publicized. This was the climax of efforts beginning in 1961, and 80,000 were registered. Voting was the most crucial step in protecting civil rights. -
Malcom X Assasinated
"Power in defense of freedom is greater than power in behalf of tyranny and oppression, because power, real power, comes from our conviction which produces action, uncompromising action."
Malcom X was a charasmatic leader whose involvement in the Nation of Islam boosted membership from 500 in 1953 to 30,000 in 1963