-
Plessy v Ferguson
This was a court case that took place because Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow car, breaking Louisiana law. Plessy was brought before Judge John H. Ferguson of the Criminal Court for New Orleans, who upheld the state law. <a href='' >http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/plessy-v-ferguson</a> -
Period: to
The American Civil Rights movement
-
Congress of Racial Equality (Core)
CORE was founded in 1942 and became one of the leading activist organizations of the American Civil Rights movement. The group first drew national attention in 1960 with its active support of the sit-in movement at lunch counters that refused to serve blacks. <a href='' >http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/congress-of-racial-equality</a> -
Jackie Robinson
Jackie Robinson was the first black player in a major sport league. He was signed to the Brooklyn Dodgers, he was awarded rookie of the year in 1947, National League MVP in 1949, and a World Series champ in 1955. <a href='' >http://www.biography.com/people/jackie-robinson-9460813</a> -
Sweatt v Painter
This was a legal case about Heman Sweatt being denied entrance into the Univeristy of Texas Law School. The Fourteenth ammendment however reversed this decision and Sweatt was allowed admission. <a href='' >https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/339/629</a> -
Brown v Board of Education
This was a Supreme Court case that began when Oliver Brown's child was denied access to a one of Topeka's white schools. He said that this was unconstitutional and sought to desegregate public schools. Though public schools did not become fully segregated, this case put the constitution on the side of racial equality. <a href='' >http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/landmark_brown.html</a> -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
This event was an a protest done my African-Americans against segregated seating on public busses. This protest began four days after Rosa Parks arrest for refusing to move to the back of a bus. The protest lasted 381 days, until the Supreme Court made the decision to integrate Montgomery's bus system. <a href='' >http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/montgomery-bus-boycott</a> -
The Southern Manifesto
This doctrine countered the decision made in the Brown vs Board of Education case made just 2 years prior. The doctrine accused Oliver Brown of attacking the judicial system. It urged southerners to exhaust all lawful means to resist the chaos and confusion that would result from school desegregation. <a href='' >http://history.house.gov/Historical-Highlights/1951-2000/The-Southern-Manifesto- -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
The SCLC was formed to coordinate local protests throught out the South for equal rights. Martin Luther King Jr. became the leader of the group, and under his determination and leadership, equality was achieved. The SCLC was crippled after his assassination however. <a href='' >http://kingencyclopedia.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_southern_christian_leader -
Little Rock - Central High School
This high school is recognized as being a big role in public school desegregation, allowing 9 African-American students to attend the school. <a href='' >http://www.nps.gov/chsc/index.htm</a> -
The Greensboro Sit-In
The Greensboro Sit-In was a non-violent protest started by African American students at a segregated Woolsworth lunch counter in Greenboro, North Carolina. The impact of this sit-in movement was immediate, forcing Woolsworth to change their segregationist policies. http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/the-greensboro-sit-in -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
The SNCC was formed to give younger black students a bigger voice during the civil rights movement. Ella Baker helped set up the SNCC because she was worried that the SCLC wasnt involving the younger black community enough in the movement for civil rights. <a href='' >http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/sncc</a> -
Freedom Rides
The Freedom Riders were a group of 13 African Americans who went on a series of bus trips throughout the South protesting segregation in interstate bus terminals. In September of 1961 the Interstate Commerce Commission issued regulations prohibiting segregation in bus and train stations nationwide. <a href='' >http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedom-rides</a>
