-
Xinhai Revolution
The Xinhai Revolution overthrew the last dynasty (the Qing Dynasty) and established the Republic of China. Sun Yat-Sen was elected president of the Republic of China. -
Twenty-One Demands
The Empire of Japan had set up a set of demands which would allow Japan to extend themselves into the Chinese economy and territories. Yuan Shikai had accepted the order without any resistance, and citizens detested the acts of the leader. -
Yuan Shikai
In the year 1916, Yuan Shikai died. Sun Yat-Sen offered his precidency to Yuan Shikai who abused the power and use of violence to lead revolutions. Due to this, many provinces rebelled against his power and disliked it. -
Period: to
Warlord Era
After Yuan Shikai's death, the national government of China weakened and there was an increase in popularity and power of warlords among provinces. This disunited China and created a messy situation. -
The May Fourth Movement
The May Fourth Movement started when China was not acknowledged in the Treaty of Versailles and the Chinese territory that was taken by the Germans were given to the Japanese. -
Formation of the Communist China
After the May Fourth Movement, several Chinese intellects (and Sun, the formal leader) were inspired by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and the Russian ideology of Communism. This was due to the many "incapable" leaders in the past that couldn't accomplish anything revolutionary. -
Mao Zedong Founding Member
Mao Zedong became a founding member of the CCP (Communist China Party) -
First United Front
The Kuomintang (a Nationalist party that fears the power of communism) and the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) fought alongside to end the Warlord era and reunite China to become one again. -
Shanghai Massacre
The Kuomintang and the forces of Chiang Kai-shek put an end of the Communist organizations in Shanghai very violently. Around 300-5000 people had been killed. -
Period: to
Jiang Jieshi
Jiang Jieshi, as he got appointed as leader, led the Republic of China against the Communist Party of China. -
Period: to
The Long March
The Communist Party of China retreated from the civil war from the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) led by Jiang Jieshi. Mao Zedong took the leadership role during the march and troops supported him and gave him approval to be the new leader. -
December 9th Movement
A protest led by several students and citizens to demand and ask for the Chinese government (Nationalist party) to resist Japanese power in China. -
The Battle of Shanghai
This was one of the biggest battles between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. Jiang Jieshi sent the best troops of the Kuomintang to protect and defend against Japan in Shanghai. However, the Japanese troops outmatched the Chinese and claimed victory. Without the best troops in line, the road to the former capital of China, Nanjing, was open. -
The Nanking Massacre
The former capital of China, Nanking (known today as, Nanjing) was invaded by the Japanese. The Japanese had brutally massacred and raped around 300,000 civilians. This event has been denied by the Japanese and most records have been destroyed. -
The Second United Front
The Second United Front was a brief alliance between the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang. After Japan threatened to invade China, the two parties worked together to defend the country. -
Battle of Taierzhuang
The Battle of Taierzhuang was the first victory of the Chinese defeating Japan. The Nationalist party decided to bring the battle closer to the area they have control over, unlike the incident in Shanghai last year. The Chinese now had many Japanese weapons to work with and finally gave hope to soldiers. -
The 228 incident/massacre
After an anti-government uprising in Taiwan, the Kuomintang got involved and violently put an end to it. The death toll was 10,000 - 30,000 and was marked a day to remember by the Taiwanese. -
The People's Republic of China
After decades of battles and conflict, the Chinese Communist Party had won the civil war against the Nationalist party, who fled to Taiwan. The Chinese Communist Party became the dominant governmental power in China and as a result, the People's Republic of China formed, under the rule and leadership of Mao Zedong.
