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Period: 1000 to 1492
1000-1492
A nation state is a state that goes into another state to entity a nation so it becomes a sovereign state -
1154
King Henry II inherits the throne
King Henry widened the system of royal justice by expanding the accepted customs into laws and then send out traveling justices to make these royal laws happen. The decisions of the courts became the foundation of the English common law (a legal system based on custom and court rulings). Now because of this people brought their disputes to royal courts and King Henry benefited from the growth of royal justices because the royal courts charged fees. -
1179
Philip Augustus extends French power
Philip Augustus II is a powerful ruler of France. He paid middle class officials who would owe their loyalty to him and he gained control of English ruled lands through diplomacy, war and trickery and in time he also began to gain control over southern France. Philip sent his knights to help the pope put an end the Albigensians (a heretical group) and was able to add the area to his domain. Before his death in 1223, he had become the most powerful ruler in Europe. -
1215
King John Signs the Magna Carta
King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta (great charter) and it did 2 important things. 1) forced monarchs to obey the laws and 2) gave nobles rights, that were later extended to all free-men. -
1226
Louis IX overturns local courts
Louis IX is the grandson of Philip IV and made France's central government become stronger. Louis was an supreme king and he created a French appeals court that can revoke the decisions of local courts. The monarchy got strengthened by the royal courts and the feudal ties decreased. After his death the Catholic Church made him a saint. -
1295
King Edward expands Parliament
King Edward had representatives of common people (two knights from each county and representatives of the towns) participate with the lords and clergy. This then became a two house body:one house is the House of Commons filled with knights and middle class citizens and the second house is the House of Lords which contains high clergy and nobles and because of this Parliament got more power, which is the right to approve any new taxes.
