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1551
Giulio Caccini (1551-1618)
He was one of the founders and primary composer of Opera. He gave a description of a new singing style in his book of "songs" of 1602. He was also a teacher, singer and instrumentalist. -
1557
Giovanni Gabrieli (1557-1612)
He was one of the primary composer of this era. He was also an organist, who was noticed for his use of instruments in his sacred music. -
1561
Jacopo Peri (1561-1633)
He was one of the founders and primary composer of opera in this era. He claimed to be the first in 1597 with his dafne , and had a significant contribution to monody and the recitative style. -
1563
John Dowland (ca. 1563-1626)
He was one of the primary composer and leading composer of lute music. He was also known for his skills as a lutenist. -
1567
Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643)
He is one of the primary composers who were present in the renaissance era and the early baroque era of music. And, used dissonances in his music (madrigals) or text expression together with monody. One of the inventors of the seconda prattice (second practice or modern style). -
Heinrich Schutz (1585-1672)
One of the important composer of the middle baroque. It is reportedly composed the first German Opera which was lost. -
Francesca Caccini (1587-after 1641)
She was the first known woman to compose an opera. And among the composers of the Baroque era. Sung in Peri's Opera Euridice at the age 13. She composed balli, intermezzi, and sacred opera among other vocal works. -
First Opera
It was known as Dafne composed by Giulio Caccini and Jacopo Peri -
Early Baroque (1600-1650)
Different changes happened during this time. such as the development of functional tonality, invention of the opera in Italy, and the creation of new Baroque aesthetic. -
Melody
Homophonic recitative was a new style of melody that was believed to be the supreme vehicle of textual and emotional expression in 1600 -
Invention of the Opera
The opera was invented by Jacopo Peri and Giulio Caccini in Florence, Italy. The first extant opera was Euridice by both composers. -
Caccini's publication
It was published by Giulio Caccini in 1601 -
Masque
It was a theatrical entertainment in England popular from 1601 to 1630s. It involved costume, scenery, dancing music, and poetry. -
Primo Libro delle Musiche a una e due voci
It was an opera published by Francesca Caccini in 1618 -
Barbara Strozz (1619-1677)
She was also among the women primary composer that were known in the middle baroque era.. She published 8 sets of songs in which the first was in 1644. She did not write opera but her songs and cantatas are very dramatic. -
Giovanni Legrenzi (1626-1690)
He was an Italian and organist. Influencial in the middle baroque. He used many (up to 90) short arias in his operas. -
Jean - Baptiste Lully (1632-1687)
He was among the important establisher of the French opera and ballet. His works include 16 operas, 30+ ballets, motets, and instrumental works. -
Opera Public House
The first opera public house in the world was opened in 1637 at Venice. -
Dieterich Buxtehude (ca. 1637-1707)
He is known as the most important organ composer before J.S. Bach. He was a German organist and composer. -
Arias
It was one of the opera elements which was not clearly defined until the 1640s. Moments of "ariso" in the earliest opera. Several aria forms developed around the 1700. -
Final Opera of Claudio Monteverdi
It was known as "The Coronation of Poppea" which was premiered in Venice in 1642. -
Middle Baroque 1650-1700
It was an era in which the instrumental music took a new lead creating new genres such as the concerto, sonata, and trio. Also, Ballets were popular in France. And, the secular music took the led during this era. -
Minuet
It was an elegant dance in 3/4 meter that experienced popularity from 1650 to 1800 appearing first in France. It was usually in binary form. -
Sonata de Camera
It meant sonata for the chamber, which was also among the types of sonata in the middle baroque era (1650-1740). It was written for one or more melody instruments and basso continuo. -
Sonata de Chiesa
It was also among the types of sonata which meant sonata for the church. It was considered a chamber work for instrumental ensemble popular from the 1650s to the 1770s. -
Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713)
One of the important composer of the middle baroque era, who composed sonatas and concertos. Also known as the most influential violinist of this era. -
Alessandro Scarlatti (1660-1725)
He was an important Italian composer of the late baroque era. His death is considered to end the Baroque Opera. He was a teacher of many Galant composers to come. -
Francois Couperin (1668-1733)
He was one of the important French composer of the late baroque era. He was also a keyboardist. -
Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741)
He was on of the important Italian composers. He laid the foundations for the late Baroque instrumental music, Pioneer of the orchestral music. -
Georg Phillip Telemann (1681-1767)
The most prolific German composer of his day. He was more popular than J.S.Bach during the Baroque era. He contributed significantly to concert life in Germany. -
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
He is considered the Baroque master, and master of counterpoint. He became an icon for the future generation and is still one of the most revered composer. -
Georg Friedrich Handel (1685-1759)
He was known as a German composer/musician living in England, making Italian music. He also combined France and Italian dances in the Suite. -
Partita
It was the other name for the baroque suite which was established in the early 1700s. -
Dynamic markings
The crescendo and decrescendo markings were used in Paris, London, and Italian music in the 1700s. -
Late Baroque (1700-1730s/50)
In this instrumental music became more importance. Heroic opera was known as opera seria was the primary form of public musical instrument. Public concerts emerged. The court was a primary patron of the arts. The doctrine of affections created an idiomatic style of composition, and, lastly the seventh chords were accepted as functional harmony. -
Giovanni Battista Sammartini (ca. 1700-1775)
He was one of the important composer of the late baroque era. He invented the symphony in Milan in the 1730s, which led to the notion of an "orchestra" starting to take shape. -
Mannheim Johann Stamitz (1717-1757)
He was one of the important composers of the Late baroque era. He made the orchestral crescendo a sensation which led to creation of the new demand for dynamics in instrumental music. -
Harmony
The modern diatomic system of 24 major and minor keys was firmly established in1720s. -
Rococo style of Couperin
It was highly ornamented style in France in the 1730s -
Dynamic
Mannheim, Johann Stamitz made the orchestral crescendo a sensation, creating a new demand for dynamics in instrumental music in 1740s.