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These voyages introduced new ideas about chiefs and priests from Tahiti to Hawai'i.
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The Inca settlement of Cuzco served as the capital of their expanding empire and was one of the most extravagant South American cities of the time.
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Expanding populations encouraged Pacific Islanders to create complex political and social structures. Class distinctions formed between chiefs, artisans, priests, and commoners in many island communities, and rulers expanded their control over entire islands or island groups.
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The Mexica arrived at Lake Texcoco and founded their city of Tenochtitlan. This would become the center of the Aztec Empire, and was an easily defendable, extraordinarily wealthy city.
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The five Iroquois Nations were large-scale agricultural societies east of the Mississippi River which had risen from the previous Owasco people.
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Itzcoatl expanded the Mexica people's power and territory through military conquests in Oaxaca.
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Pachacuti ("Earthshaker") launched a series of military campaigns which vastly expanded the realm of Inca control, and is considered the founder of the Inca Empire.
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This signified the beginning of the Aztec Empire's decline, and in 1520 the reign of the last of the Aztec kings, Motecuzoma II, would come to an end.