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Opening of China
All colonial powers wanted to be a part of China's market. The Opium War forced China to open up to Western Trade. -
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Colonial expansion
Europe launched a new period of colonial expansion, inspired by the discovery of new markets, new areas for the settlement of Europe's poor migrants, and the desire to civilize the barbarian nations. And also it was the colonial expansion of the countries of Africa, Asia and the Pacific islands -
livingstone's expedition
The British Livingstone led expeditions to Africa. Livingstone reached Lake Tanganyika in February 1869. Even having an illness he went on and arrived on March 29, 1871. He reached the farther west than any European had reached. -
The opening of the Suez Canal
In 1869, the Suez Canal was opened. The Suez Canal reduced the distance between Britain and India by some 4,500 miles as ships no longer needed to travel around southern Africa -
Victoria, empress of India
In 1877, Benjamin Disraeli (Conservative Prime Minister) had Queen Victoria proclaimed as Empress of India. India was already under crown control after 1858, but this title was a gesture to link the monarchy with the empire further and bind India more closely to Britain. -
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Height of imperialism
As European affairs grew tense, states sought to acquire colonies abroad in order to gain an advantage over their rivals. In the late 1800s, a “new imperialism” grew, with most of the major European countries attempting to take control of territories in Asia and Africa. -
The Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 marked the climax of the European competition for territory in Africa, they sought to discuss the partitioning of Africa, establishing rules to amicably divide resources among the Western countries at the expense of the African people -
Indochinese Union
The Indochinese Union was a grouping of French colonial territories in Southeast Asia until its demise in 1954. The capital for most of its history was Hanoi from 1902 to 1945, but Sagoin became the capital from 1887 to 1902 and again from 1945 to 1954.
After the French Third Republic took over northern Vietnam through the Tonkin campaign, the various protectorates were consolidated into one union in 1887. -
The Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion was an anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901. -
The Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Japanese War was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire between 1904 and 1905 over rival imperial ambitions in Manchuria and the Korean Empire. -
The Panama Canal
The Panama Canal is an artificial 82 km waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean and divides North and South America. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama. It's one of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever attempted.