-
1020 BCE
c.1020 Jewish monarchy established; Saul, first king.
c.1020 Jewish monarchy established; Saul, first king. -
930 BCE
c. 930 Divided kingdom: Judah and Israel
c. 930 Divided kingdom: Judah and Israel -
Period: 722 BCE to 720 BCE
722-720 Israel crushed by Assyrians; 10 tribes exiled (Ten Lost Tribes).
722-720 Israel crushed by Assyrians; 10 tribes exiled (Ten Lost Tribes). -
586 BCE
586 Judah was conquered by Babylonia; Jerusalem and First Temple were destroyed; most Jews were exiled.
586
Judah was conquered by Babylonia; Jerusalem and First Temple were destroyed; most Jews were exiled. -
Period: 538 BCE to 142 BCE
538-142 Persian and Hellenistic periods
538-142 Persian and Hellenistic periods -
Period: 538 BCE to 515 BCE
538-515 Many Jews return from Babylonia; Temple rebuilt.
538-515 Many Jews return from Babylonia; Temple rebuilt. -
Period: 332 BCE to 332 BCE
332 Land conquered by Alexander the Great; Hellenistic rule.
332 Land conquered by Alexander the Great; Hellenistic rule. -
Period: 166 BCE to 160 BCE
166-160 Maccabean (Hasmonean) revolt against restrictions on practice of Judaism and desecration of the Temple
166-160 Maccabean (Hasmonean) revolt against restrictions on practice of Judaism and desecration of the Temple -
Period: 142 BCE to 129 BCE
142-129 Jewish autonomy under Hasmoneans.
142-129 Jewish autonomy under Hasmoneans. -
63 BCE
63 Jerusalem captured by Roman general, Pompey.
63 Jerusalem captured by Roman general, Pompey. -
Period: 63 BCE to 313
63 BCE-313 CE Roman rule
63 BCE-313
CE Roman rule -
Period: 63 BCE to 4 BCE
63-4 BCE Herod, Roman vassal king, rules the Land of Israel; Temple in Jerusalem refurbished
63-4 BCE Herod, Roman vassal king, rules the Land of Israel;
Temple in Jerusalem refurbished -
Period: 20 to 33
c. 20-33 Ministry of Jesus of Nazareth
c. 20-33 Ministry of Jesus of Nazareth -
66
66 Jewish revolt against the Romans
66 Jewish revolt against the Romans
66年 犹太人起义反抗罗马人 -
70
70 Destruction of Jerusalem and Second Temple.
70 Destruction of Jerusalem and Second Temple.
70年 耶路撒冷和第二圣殿被毁。 -
73
73 Last stand of Jews at Masada.
73 Last stand of Jews at Masada.
73年 犹太人在马萨达的最后防线。 -
Period: 129 to 63
129-63 Jewish independence under Hasmonean monarchy.
129-63 Jewish independence under Hasmonean monarchy. -
Period: 132 to 135
132-135 Bar Kokhba uprising against Rome.
132-135 Bar Kokhba uprising against Rome. -
210
c. 210 Codification of Jewish oral law (Mishna) completed.
c. 210 Codification of Jewish oral law (Mishna) completed. -
Period: 313 to 636
313-636 Byzantine rule
313-636 Byzantine rule -
390
c. 390 Commentary on the Mishna (Jerusalem Talmud) completed.
c. 390 Commentary on the Mishna (Jerusalem Talmud) completed. -
614
614 Persian invasion
614 Persian invasion -
Period: 636 to 1099
636-1099 Arab rule
636-1099 Arab rule -
691
691 On site of First and Second Temples in Jerusalem, Dome of the Rock built by Caliph Abd el-Malik.
691 On site of First and Second Temples in Jerusalem, Dome of the Rock built by Caliph Abd el-Malik. -
Period: 1099 to 1291
1099-1291 Crusader domination (Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem)
1099-1291 Crusader domination
(Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem) -
Period: 1291 to 1516
1291-1516 Mamluk rule
1291-1516 Mamluk rule -
Period: 1517 to
1517-1917 Ottoman rule
1517-1917 Ottoman rule -
1564
1564 Code of Jewish law (Shulhan Arukh) published.
1564 Code of Jewish law (Shulhan Arukh) published. -
1860 First neighborhood built outside walls of Jerusalem's Old City.
1860 First neighborhood built outside walls of Jerusalem's Old City. -
Period: to
1882-1903 First Aliya (large-scale immigration), mainly from Russia.
1882-1903 First Aliya (large-scale immigration), mainly from Russia. -
1897 First Zionist Congress was convened by Theodor Herzl in Basel, Switzerland; Zionist Organization was founded.
1897年 西奥多-赫兹尔在瑞士巴塞尔召开了第一次犹太复国主义大会;犹太复国主义组织成立。 -
1917 400 years of Ottoman rule ended with British conquest; British Foreign Minister Balfour pledges support for the establishment of a "Jewish national home in Palestine"
1917年 400年的奥斯曼帝国统治随着英国的征服而结束。
英国外交大臣贝尔福承诺支持在巴勒斯坦建立 "犹太民族家园" -
Period: to
1918-48 British rule
1918-48 British rule