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Qubits
Alexander Holevo publishes a paper showing that n qubits cannot carry more than n classical bits of information -
Quantum information theary
Polish mathematical physicist Roman Stanisław Ingarden publishes a seminal paper entitled "Quantum Information Theory" in Reports on Mathematical Physics -
Framework
Paul Benioff proposes the first recognisable theoretical framework for a quantum computer -
Universal Turing Machine
David Deutsch, at the University of Oxford, described the first universal quantum computer. Just as a Universal Turing machine can simulate any other Turing machine efficiently -
Algorithms
Peter Shor, at AT&T's Bell Labs in New Jersey, discovers an important algorithm. It allowed a quantum computer to factor large integers quickly -
C-NOT gate
Christopher Monroe and David Wineland at NIST (Boulder, Colorado) experimentally realize the first quantum logic gate – the C-NOT gate -
Experiments
First experimental demonstration of a quantum algorithm. A working 2-qubit NMR quantum computer used to solve Deutsch's problem -
7-qubit computer
First working 7-qubit NMR computer demonstrated at the Los Alamos National Laboratory -
Qubyte
In December, the first quantum byte, or qubyte, is announced to have been created by scientists at The Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information -
Von Neumann architecture
Quantum computer employing Von Neumann architecture -
Silicon logic gate
Two qubit silicon logic gate developed