Hosp

Surgery

By Hazel W
  • Davy; Laughing Gas (Nitrous oxide )

    In 1799 Humphrey Davy accidently discovered that laughing gas made you less aware of pain
  • Wells; Laughing Gas (Nitrous oxide)

    In 1844, Horace Wells, an American, used nitrous oxide when pulling teeth
    o However, nitrous oxide did not work on 10% of people
  • Morton; Ether

    First used by William Morton in 1846 to remove a growth from a patient’s neck
    o It knocked the patient out, which made operations easier
    o But
     It could induce a very deep sleep (up to 10 days)
     It was difficult to transport and could explode when exposed to a naked flame
     It could make patients vomit and cough
  • Simpson; Chloroform

    o James Simpson was looking for a better alternative to ether
    o He experimented with chloroform and knocked him out
    o By 1847, he used chloroform in an operation in Edinburgh
  • Snow; Chloroform Inhaler

     This was improved when John Snow invented a chloroform inhaler that regulated dosage in 1848
  • Hannah Greener; Chlorofom

    Hannah Greener died from too much chloroform
  • Snow & Queen Victoria; Chloroform

    It became more widespread when John Snow used it to help Queen Victoria give birth in 1853
    o But
     It was difficult to get the dosage correct
    • Too little and the patient would still feel pain
    • Too much and you could die (it affected the heart) e.g. Hannah Greener
  • Pasteur; Germ Theory

  • Lister; Carbolic Acid

  • Lister; Publicised his methods

  • Koch; Steam Sterliser

  • Cocaine

  • Landsteiner; Blood Groups

  • Novocaine

  • Rous & Turner; Storing Blood

  • Gilles; Plastic Surgery unit