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Brown v. Board of Education
Children of African-American decent fought to change the law that prohibited them from attending all white schools. They believed they had the same right to a good education. The Supreme Court ruled that segregation in schools was unlawful and that no child should be denied the right to a quality education. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
Congress recognizes that children with disabilities have the same rights to a quality education as everyone else. Congress pushes for funding to improve programs for children with exceptionalities. -
PARC and Mills
Law-suites against the board of education in Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia challenging the procedures for handling children with exceptionalities. It was determined that parents should be included in the process when it comes to the placement and, or disciplinary actions of children with disabilities. -
Congressional Investigation
An investigation launched by Congress to determine the educational status of children with disabilities. It was determined that millions of children with disabilities were missing out on a quality education that could prevent them from learning to care for themselves as well as being able to contribute to society resulting in "The right to education for all handicapped children law." (Wright,1998) -
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act
Congress passes a law to hold schools accountable to providing quality education to all children with exceptionalities requiring them to follow proper protocol. -
Daniel R.R. vs. State Board of Education
As a result of this case it was determined that every student should have the opportunity to join in on extracurricular activities, general education classes, and participate in school events with the least amount of restriction as possible based on the child's needs. This falls under the Least Restrictive Environment principle. -
Florez vs. State of Arizona
A case brought against the state of Arizona to address the rights of English Language Learners. Students and parents argued that the quality of education of English Language Learners was being set back due to a lack of funding. They also claimed that they were being segregated from regular education classes and activities. The case put the state at risk of loosing millions of dollars in federal funding and dragged out for several years that ended in a court order to remedy the problem. -
English Language Education for Children in Public Schools Act
A law requiring that all classes be taught in English. Programs are available to assist as well as transition periods when applicable for Spanish speaking students. English Language Assessments are administered annually to test for progress. -
No Child Left Behind Act
An Act established by Congress to determine academic progress for all students with or without exceptionalities. By raising the expectations of instruction and administering assessments based on content standards, the students are most likely to receive the best education possible. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
IDEA is enacted reinforcing the standards for special education. The ACT stresses the importance of focusing on the children's goals, plans and needs as well as the rights of the children and the rights of their parents.
