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Sputnik 1
First artificial earth satellite was launched from Gagarin's Start and was 58 cm also equipped with 4 external radio antennas https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_924.html -
Luna 1
First spacecraft to reach the moon, spherical and included 5 antennae extended from 1 hemisphere. Was intended to impact the moon. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1959-012A -
Ham the Astrochimp
First hominid launched into space, the chimp was 2 years old and was chosen for being impeccable and brilliant compared to the other chimps https://www.spaceanswers.com/space-exploration/heroes-of-space-shannon-lucid/ -
Yuri Gagarin
First human to journey into outer space on the Vostok spacecraft that completed it's obit around the earth https://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/whos_who_level2/gagarin.html -
Alan Shepard
First American to travel into space on his mercury aircraft Freedom 7 https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/who-was-alan-shepard-k4.html -
John Glenn
One of NASA's original seven Mercury astronauts and started his flight aboard the Friendship 7. He was an instant hero, and was described as humble, funny, and generous https://www.nasa.gov/content/profile-of-john-glenn -
Spacewalk
A spacewalk is any time an astronaut gets out of a vehicle while in space. The first space walk was performed by a Russian astronaut Alexei Leonov for a duration of about 10 minutes. The first American to perform a spacewalk was Ed White which lasted for 23 minutes. https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-a-spacewalk-k4.html -
Apollo 1
3 astronauts (Grissom, White, and Chaffee) were killed when the Apollo 1 command module caught on fire during a launch rehearsal test. A surge caused a short circuit resulting in the fire. https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/apollo1info.html -
Apollo 8
Second manned spaceflight mission but first to orbit another planet Apollo 8 reached earths moon, orbited it and returned back safely. https://www.space.com/17362-apollo-8.html https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo8.html -
Apollo 11
Spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the moon. The mission took about 109 hours, 42 minutes until Neil Armstrong stepped foot on the moon, 20 minutes later Aldrin followed him. They remained on the moon for 21 hours 36 minutes before returning. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo11.html