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May 10, 1003
Native Ameericans
Native Americans have been on the Earth 10,000 years ago. They migrated from Africa and had the American continent for thousands of years. Mammoths were a really good food source for the tribes. Some tribes were nomadic, and traveled evrywhere. Nomadics follow their food source such as buffalo, bisen, and mammoths. Native Americans belived that all aspects of nature ahd it's own spirit. Natives didn't believe that you could own land. -
May 11, 1003
Native Americans: Northwest Coast
The region in which these Natives lived in was from southern Oregon to Canada, and they lived on coastlines and on islands. The ate clams, shellfish, fish, seals, amd other animals. They hunted sea animals with harpoons, land animals with harpoons, and fences for fish. Their houses were built from the forest and the roofs were shingled. The inner bark was used for everyday items such as baskets. Shells were used for buttons, and other objects were used for tools. -
May 12, 1003
Native American: California
The California region is located from southern Oreagon to southern California. They live in the coastal areas, coastal foothills, deserts and other places. The natives ate salmon,and even further south shellfish. In the winter, they would use animal fur to keep warm. -
May 13, 1003
Natives Americans: The Great Basin
The region of the Great Basin Natives were to the east of California. They lived the Sierra Nevada and the Rocky Mountains, the mountains would keep out a lot of rain. Very little plants and animals. The Great Basin Natives were nomadic, never really being able to estaablish a homeland. They coated baskets with tree sap, to help them hold food and water. Ate any food they could, and saved food and dried them so they could have them during the winter. Each season the food sources would change. -
May 14, 1003
Native American: The Plateau
The Plateau natives lived south of the Great Basin natives. The winters were long and cold. while the summers werre warm. The central part of the area was flat with lots of grass. The natives built their homes next to rivers. The food was very plentsful. Built basements, for cool places for the summer and warm places for the winter. -
May 15, 1003
Native Americans: The Southwest
The region these natives lived in was Arizona, New Mexico, Southern Utah, Colorado, parts of Texas, Oklahoma, and California. Very big lack of heat and water. Some tribes lived as nomadic tribes. Other tribes set themselves up at the Colorado River. They put their food on mesas, high flat areas, so it could grow.These people did not have trees for homes, instead built their homes from brick. Ate corn beans and squash. -
May 16, 1003
Hunting and Using Buffalo
The Natives would take stones and make a "V" shaped wall a near a cliff. The "V" forced the buffalo to be closer as they approached the cliff. Behind the herd, the Natives would set the grass on fire, and then make loud noise, causing the buffalo to fall off the cliff, and to the Natives below them. -
May 16, 1003
Native Americans: The Great Plains
The Great Plains region stretches 2,000 miles from the Rockies to the Mississippi Valley and from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico. The area was a treeless grassland.Very good for planting crops because the soil was soft and there's a lot of water. Very little water in the west, ideal food source for buffalo. The groups took up farming. Go on buffalo hunting trips a few moths each year. Followed the buffalo year round. -
May 17, 1003
Native Americans: The Eastern Woodlands
The region of this tribe includes the MIssissippi river eastward to the Atlantic Ocean; as well as from Canada to present day North Carolina. Provided all needs such as food. To move they used canoes. Each village had tons of long framed homes that are what we call longhouses, because they were known to house many families. The women grew the crops and made shirts out of cotton and colored them with the dyes from plants. -
May 17, 1003
Native Americans: The Southeast
The region stretches from the southern part of the Ohio valley to the Gulf of Mexico and from Texas to the Atlantis Ocean. Some S.E. people bult towns with large mounds. 2 to 12 mounds in the center of the village. Building the mounds was not easy. Houses were built on and around the mounds, homes were made of small trees. Grew corn, beans, squash, pumpkins, and sunflowers. -
Apr 16, 1254
European Exploration
Europeans didn't know about the Natives of N. America or the New World. They were more intested in the East Indies. Marco Polo traveld throughout Asia with his father who was a merchant and a trader. The trip lasted 17 years, andthen published his travels in the book, "The Marvels of the World", the book discused the wonders of Asia. People who read polo's book, were fasinated by Asia's riches. The route Polo took was long and dangerous. -
Apr 17, 1254
European Exploration Cont.
His tales inspired explorers to find a quiker and safer route by sea. -
Mar 1, 1401
Europe in the 1400s
The europeans rediscovered the acient greeks and romans writing. These writings inspire the europeans in learining and art.This period of new thinking, helps spark the age of the Renaissance or "rebirth". During the Renaissance, Johannes Gutenberg created the printing press, which has helped start getting aithors out to other peole in 1450. The books help with literacy skills, and as more books came the more others new about the outside world. -
Jun 19, 1450
The Atlantic Slave Trade
The slave trade involved 4 countries: Africas, Europe, North America, and South America. The slave trade was from 1450-1870. Why slaves you might ask, well the Europeans needed a work force. The first attempt was the Natives and that didn't turn out well. The 2nd attempt was indentured servants, which were lower class europeans who wanted to go to the New World and had to work 7 years. -
Jun 20, 1457
Turn to Africa
The Africans had a different lifestyle, and they had an immunity to the dieases th Europeans had, so they would not have died off as quikly as the Natives. The slaves were taken from the West Coust, Soutrh East, and the South of Africa. 11.6 Africans left their homeland as slaves. There were approximately 34,000 voyages taken from africa to the New World. Approximately 2 million died on the boats. -
Jun 20, 1457
New World Locations
30-40% of the Africans ended up in Brazil. 20-17% of the Africans ended up in Spanish America, British Caribbean, and the French Caribbean. 12% in the Dutch/Danish Caribbean. 8% went to the British North America. -
Mar 2, 1492
Christopher Coumbus
Columbus was one of the people inspired by Polo's book. Althoug Columbus stuided the maps of the world, he was really terrible at it. He convinced himself that the only way to the Indies by boat, was to sail across the Atlantic Ocean. His only problem was that he had no money to fund the travel, but King Ferfinand and Queen Isabella funded the trip. In 1492, Columbus set sail on the big ocean blue. -
Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus
After a month and 3 days on the Santa Maria, Pinta, and The Nina, columbus finally sees land. He lands on a small island which is presently San Salvador, and claims the island for Spain. Convinced he was China, Columbus went back o Spain for more ships and men. He referred to the natives as Indians because he thought he was in the Indies -
Oct 13, 1495
Columbus Made A Mistake
Columbus amde four trips to the Caribbean, each time finding more and more islands, and also the continent of South America. Each time land was found, it was claimed for Spain. Columbus died thinking he had found Asia, but later explorers realized theat Columbus had NOT dscovered Asia, but unknown land. In 1507, we start to see the term of America on the maps in Europe. -
Jun 13, 1507
Columbian Exchange and Europeans
Columbus' voyages to the New World, helped transport goods across the Atlantic Ocean. This transfer is what we still use in the present and is known as the Columbian Exchange. The exchange gave Europe new crops such as corn and potatoes, improving the diets of the Europeans. New oppertunities for finnacial and religeous reasons opened itself in the New World. Natives suffered from the germs the Europeans brought with them, some places 90% of the tribes were wiped out by diesease. -
May 19, 1509
Slavery Appears
When the naties died, the Europeans turned to the next best thing, Africans. They brought the Africans over to work in the New World. When the Spanish settlef in the Caribbean, they found gold mines and created sugar plantations. With those items n such high demand, the Spanish sent for more workers. First, the Natives were their workers, and then died off from the disease the settlers brought with them. -
May 19, 1509
Slavery appears Cont.
After the Natives, the Europeans turned to enslaving the Africasns for workers. They treated ihe Africans as animals, and made a law that clearly stated that these people were not suppposed to be treated like a regular human. Slavery has existed for a long time. They shipped and sold the people in the Caribbean. over 9the next three centuries, millions of Africns would be sold into slavery. They would travel on disease infested ships to the New World. -
Jun 21, 1513
Florida
A man named Juan Ponce de Leo'n, sailed with Columbus and made a fortune by discovering gold on the island of Puerto Rico. Although he had wealth, Leo'n wanted more. He heard Indian rumors about the founitain of youth, which turns the old into young. He made it his mission to find it. He landed on a sunny peninsla of North America. He called it La Florida. 8 years later, he returned with 200 soldiers to make it a spanish colony. Ponce was killed with a posen arrow to the stomach. -
Jul 20, 1519
Spanish Conquistadors
Conquistadors were Spanish soldier explorers. Hern'an Cort'es arrived in current day Mexico, with horses and 500 soldiers. Cort'es and his men reach the capitol of the Aztecs, Tenochtilan. The Aztec's had no idea what to do with the Europeans. Some of the Natives thought Cor'tes was Quetzalcoatl, the great Aztec god and welcomed him as a hero. -
Jun 21, 1521
Inca Empire
Pizarro captured the Inca ruler, named Atahualpa. They promised to realse him in exchange for gold. The Inca's filled three rooms with gold and silver. Pizzaro killed their leader anyway, and then took the leader less Inca empire. From this point forward, the Spanish conquered most of South America. Hoping for more, they pushed north into the lands that are now apart of the U.S. -
Jul 21, 1521
Tenochtitlan
With the help of the deadly small pox, Cort'es conquered Tenochtitlan. It was an 80 day fight and 24,000 Aztecs died. Only 100 spanish soldiers died in the fight. Small pox once again helps a spanish conquistador. In 1532, Francisco Pizarro, led an attack on the Inca empire in Peru. The spanish had lucked out, the small pox had reached the Inca's before the Spansih reached them. Killing thousands of them and leaving the empire divided. -
Jun 22, 1534
European Jealosy
As Spanish ships made their way home with gold and silver. As each year went one, Spain's wealth and power grew. Other nations wanted in on the wealth of the New World. They couldn't compete with the Spanish empire. France gets in on the action and in 1534, France sends Jacques Cartier to explore the Atlantic coast of North America. -
Aug 22, 1565
Saint Augustine
In 1565, Pedro Menendez de Aviles was sent by the Spanish to protect the their land from the outsiders such as the French and the English. He built a fort and named it Saint Augustine and is one of the oldest buildings in the U.S. built by Europeans. -
Roanoke and England
Roanoke was England's first chance of colonization in the New World. Sir Walter Releigh tries to ostart a colony on the tiny island of Roanoke, which is in present day North Carolina. The Indians on the island were very friendly torward the English, and even gave them traps for catching fish. The English were more intrested in finding riches. When their supplies ran low, they returned to England. -
Roanoke and England Cont.
Raleigh sends a second group of settlers to Roanoke and they arrive late in the year when, unfortunately they can't grow crops. John White, was the leader of the settlers returns to England for supplies. His granddaughter Virginia Dare, the first child born of English decent in the New World. While in England, his trip is delayed three years because of Spain. When he returned there was no one there. -
Theories for Roanoke
The first theorie is they left the settlement to live elsewhere. With the Natives to an island named CROATOAN? Attempted to sail back, that would explain the dismantled houses. Killed by diesease, but there were no bodies. Destroyed by a storm, a fence was still standing. Killed by Natives. The last theory is the Spanish killed them. -
Roanoke and England Cont.
All that was letft of the colony was a word carved into a tree. The word was "CROATOAN". To this day, we have no idea what the meaning of this word is, or where the settlers went. Houses were torn down, and a fence was left. Twenty years later would England try again. -
What He Forgot
There already were Natives living there, and they weren't about to give up their land. The Natives in the area used poisened arrows in his stomach, one of them that killed Ponce do Leo'n in the stomach. The Seven Cities of Cibola were said to be so rich, that the streets and houses were decorated with gold and jewels. The spanish were convinced that the cities were in North America. -
What He Forgot Cont.
The Seven Cities of Cibola story sparked new Spanish Expeditions into North America. They looked in Florida, the Texas, and New Mexico. As the conquistadors explored the new territories, and then claimed the areas for Spain. By 1600, the Spanish had claimed areas from Florida across present day Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Califronia. Very little intrest and settlemenet in the New World. -
Pueblo Indians ve. The Spanish
At first the Peublo Indians welcomed the Spanish. Just like that, the Spanish made the Indians slaves. Catholic priests ordered the Peublo religeos leaders to whip anyone that countinued their any other practices but their own. The Pueblo people rebelled against the Spanish and drove them out. Throughout the 16 and 1700s, the Spanish settlement was low. -
Religeon
Catholic missionaries accompanied the soldiers to the new settlements to convert the Native to their religeon. They would teach the local Indians new skills, and the Christian faith. They grew their own food, produced most of what the missionaries needed to survive. juan de Onate led the settement of NM. It took 400 settlers, and 7,000 animals from Mexico to NM. The journey took a year and a half. -
The English Get Permanent Cont.
They named theis home Jamestown after King James the 1st. The disadvantages to Jamestown was that they were surrounded by a large and powerful Native American tribe. Because the area was swampy, the misquitoes carried dieseases. The settlers were a mix of Nobility and Craftsmen. None of them knew much about hunting or farming. -
The English Get Permanent Cont.
None of them worked at hunting or farming. They thought they were in Virginia to search for gold, not to provide for themselves. The food begins to run low, an they turn to trading with the Indians. They trade glass beads and iron hatchets for corn and meat. Many Indians decided they would soon kill the English, let them starve than trade. -
Jamestown
Hunger and diesaes soon took their toll on the settlers. Every few days, a new body would be carried off to the graveyard. In 1608, a new leader stepped up named Captain John Smith. The men were hungry so they worked for their food. Pocahontas helped John Smith save Jamestown. She was the key to preserve the colony from death, famine, and confusion. -
The English Get Permanent
A group of merchants start a group called the London Company. The London Company sends 144 settlers on three ships accross the Atlantic. Their goal was start a colony in Virginia. The settlers were to ship back goods such as furs and timbers. When they reach Virginia, they choose a swampy peninsula as home.They choose the area so they can easily defend themselves against forces. -
France in the New World
France sends Jacques Cartier to explore the Atlantic Ocean. His goal was to find the North West Passage, which was an all water route through North American continent to the Pacific Ocean. Cartiet never finds the passage, however he claims the land for France which is present day Canada. He named the land New France. He also discovered beaver fur which was more valuable than Spain's gold. French hatmakers were paying high prices for the fur. -
France in the New World Cont.
Samual de Champlain sails up the Saint Lawrence River and builds a trading post called Quebec. For the next 150 years, Quebec would be used as a base for French explorers soldiers, missionaries, traders, and fur. From Quebec, fur trappers moved west. Catholic missionaries seek converts from the Natives. New France, just like the Spanish, had a hard time convincing people to settle. It had a harsh climate, and was hard to grow crops. -
France in the New World Cont.
The colony had a poloicy of granting the land to the Nobility and then the Nobles would rent it out to farmers. France was more intrested in the beaver furs than conqering the Indians. Rather than fighting the Indians, they married into each other and became buisness partners. Champlain made friends wiith the Huron Indians. By being with them, the French learned how to survive for months on end in the wilderness. -
France in the New World Cont.
The first time the Europeans joined the Indians in battle, the gunfire scared away their enemy tribe the Iroquois. The friendships between the French slowly killed the off the Natives with their diseases. In 1673, Father Marquette and Louis Juliet explored the Mississppi River. They both hoped that this was the North west passage. The water way cuts through North America, dissapointed they went back to New France. -
The Dutch Enter
While John Smith was keeping Jamestown afloat, Henry Hudson was sent to explore the New World. He was exploring the coastline farther North for the Netherlands. The Dutch, like the French, wanted to find the Northwest Passage. Hudson discovered a deep river. He thought the river might take him all the way accross the continent. It didn't, he claimed the land along its banks in the Netherland. -
Jamestown Cont.
John Smoth was injured in a gunpowder explosion and had to return to England. That winter was so baad, it was known as the Starving Time. Withut Smith and Pocahontas to act as go betweens, the Indians didn't trade with them. The English ate dogs, rats, and human corpses to survive. By the spring there were 60 settlers left. When John left, there were 500 settlers. -
Jamestown Cont.
12% of the settlers remained alive. Supply ships arrived in the spring, and the 60 survivors were ordered to abandon their failed colony. Then three more Englishh ships arrived with food and 150 more colonists and 100 soldiers. Even with more people, the English lived in constant fear of being attacked by Natives. To end the threat, they "kidnapped" Pocahontas and held her hostage. For a year she remained prisoner, during the time she learned English, and the Christian fath. -
Jamestown Cont.
One of Pocahontas' friends was John Rolfe. Rolfe helped the colony survive and found a crop that could be raised in Virginia and sold for high prices in England, tabacco. -
New Netherland
This river beacme known as the Hudson River. The land claimed as New Netherland. In 1621, Dutch merchants form the Duth West India Company, and want start a colony in America. They settled along the upper Hudson where they built Fort Orange, near present day Albany. The new colonists realized that there could be heavy profits made off of the land for trade. -
New Netherland Cont.
They established trading posts aliong the Hudson River, the largest was on Manhatten Island. In 1626, The Dutch West India Company sent Peter Minuit to New Netherland as the colony's governor. The Dutch wanted peaceful relations with the Indians. Any Native people may not be removed with violence or threats, but persuaded with knid words, was told to Minuit. -
New Netherland Cont.
Minuit followed the settlers orders, he offered the island's Indians iron pots, beads, and blankets which would equal up to about $24, in exchange for their land. The Natives didn't belive that you could own land, because they were nomadic. Laughing at the foolishness of the settlers, they made the trade. The Dutch made deals with members of the Iroqouis Confederacy. This gave the Iroqouis the weapons like the Huron to compete. -
Salem Witch Trials
Three girls have what's called fits, which are when you may have violent contortions, and uncontrollable outburts of screaming. 3 poor people were accused by three girls who had these "fits". Tituba (a slave), Sarah Good (homeless beaggar), and Sarah Osborne (poor elderly). These three women were accused of being witches. -
Salem Witch Trials
All three women had to go before the local judges. The interrogation went on for days, and the girls came to the trial. During which their fits acted up. The two Sarah's were pleaded quilty, and Tituba, the slave, was going to tell who was a witch in the town, if they didn't kill her. -
New Netherland to New Amsterdam
As the fur trade grew more and more Dutch made the trip to the New World. Dutch settlement on Manhattan swelled over to 1,000 people. Peter Stuvesant as the colony's new governor. When he arrived, he said that from now on the settlement would be called New Amsterdam. Stuyvesant lost his right leg in battle, and had it replaced with a wooden leg that was decorated with silver nails. He was generally disliked. -
New Amsterdam
he often referred to individuals as "ignorant subjects", and threatened to send them back to the Netherlands in pieces if they gave him trouble. He governed New Amsterdam for 17 years. He captured a nearby Swedish colony and invited its settlers to live in New Amsterdam. By 166o, the colony had nearly 8,000 people. This included people from multiple European nations, and enslaved Africans. The area also provided a place for Jews who where seeking rreligeous freedom. -
New Amsterdam to New York
The biggest issue for Stuyvesant was England. They wanted the Dutch out of the New World. England's KIng Charles the II, refused to recognize Dutch claims to the New World. The King gave his brother James duke of York, ownership of all Dutch lands in America if he coud conquer them. James accepted and orgainized a small invasion. When the English arrive, they sent a letter demanding surrender. The settlers forced Stuyvesant to surrender, and without a shot being fired, it beacme New York. -
Nine Years Later
Robert de La Salle explored the entire length of the Mississippi River. He planted a French flag and claimed everrthing to the west of the river for France. La Salle named this vast piece of land Lousisana after the French king, King Louis XIV. -
Salem Witch Trials
Paranoia spread throughout the little town of Salem, Massachusets. Accusations mounted over the next few months. The officials question Sarah Goods 4 year old daughter, Dorothy. In april of 1692, Deputy Governor Thomas comes to see what's going on. -
Salem Witch Trial
Governor Thomas establishes the court that espicially hear witchcraft cases. The first ever case heard was Bridget Bishop. She was found guilty and was going to be executed. June 10th 1692, Bridget Bishop was hanged on Gallows Hill. -
Procedures with Salem Witch Trials
- Someone would suffer a loss and blame it on witchcraft. 2. Accuser enters a complaint against the alleged with the local lawyers. 3.If the lawyers thought the complaint was credible, they would go and arrest the alleged. 4. Lawyers would call the person to the superior court. 5. Superior court would gather witnesses against the person. 6. Once indicated, they would go to trial. 7. If found quilty, the sheriff and deputies would take the accused to their excution.
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Salem Witch Trials
The execited had no proper burial. The officials took the bodies and put them in a ditch and then covered them up with dirt. Governor Thomas stops all of the witch trials. When he does this, they released all of the accused witches at the time and gets rid of the court that hears the witchcraft cases. He stopped the trials becuase his wife was accused. -
Methods of Evidence in Salem Witch Trials
A method of evidence was tying rocks to your hands and feet and dropped you in the river. If you floated you were a witch, if you didn't you weren't a witch. Another method was, poking the accused with a hot iron until the alleged confessed to being a witch. They woud check to see if you had moles, or birth marks. another method was poking you with a small knife until you confessed to being a witch. -
British Colonies
The English established the colonies so they could have the natural resources and the religeous freedoms for the pilgrims and the puritans. The English government supported the all of the ventures because is was a competition over land with Spain and France. By 1733, thirteen British colonies were created by England. They grouped them into three different regions: The New England, Middle, Southern Colonies. All three regions had different resources. -
Salem Witch Trials Ended
The trials were declared the trials unlawful. 1711, the colony passed a bill, saying that the trials were unlawful. 1957 apologized to the families about the Salem Witch Trials. 185
people accused in Salem. The last group was executed Sep. 22, 1692. The real cause of the fits the girls had was becuase of Fungus Ergo found in rye. The rye was in the bread which is what they ate, the fungus causes muscle spams, vomititng, dellusions, and hallucinations. -
Colonial Life
Their were multiple classes in colonial times, the gentry, the middle class, the lower class, and the very bottom such as the servents and slaves. The Great Awakening was a religeous movement. The priests in England thought that the colonists were losing their fath, so they came to the New World and did town gatherings, to preach. It inspired the lowrer class, because they were all equal in the eyes of God. -
The Colonies
The New England Colonies had Massachusettes, Rhode Island, Conneticut, and New Hampshire. These colonies survived with lumber, fishing, ship building, and trade. The Middle Colonies consisted of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware. They did some farming and raised a wide variety crops and livestock. Many settled for religeous freedoms. The Southern Colonies consisted of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. They had plantations with tabacco, sugar,cotton. -
The British Colonies Cont.
All of our 13 colonies were settled with permission from the King. They got a formal documenyt called a charter, that gave the rules that the land needed to go by. The government was either the colony was governed by a man appointed by the game, a general assembly, and counsel. All of the towns had some form of democracy. The citizens would elect representatives to make and carry out the laws. Typically they councils would have wealthy white men that were on them. -
Colonial Life: Entertainment
The children would play with dolls, marbles, blind man's bluff, tag, tops. New England Children could also go sledding, put in some neighborhoods it was banned. Adults could bowl, pool, play cards, and go hunting. They had fairs where they had skills and artistry contests. They had dance contests, cathing a greased pig contest, or even climbing a greased pole. -
Colonial Life Cont.
Education in the colonial period was kind of rough. The New England colonies led the way with education. The Middle region didn't really got to school, while the southerners didn't go to school at all. Religeous groups educated the kids in the middle colonies. The southern families may have hired a tutor, or would have sent their children to England for boarding school. In 1647 Massachusets passed a law that required a town with 50 families had to hire a teacher, 100 families: a school. -
Colonial Life Cont.
Families had parents, grandparents, children, aunts, uncles, cousins, and stepchildren. People would marry in their mid 20s. Their life expectamcy was 30 years. a family had at least 7-10 children. The children were the helping hands of the family. They ate corn, deer, rabbit, birds, etc. They grew fruit and veggies. Had to preserve the meat by pickling, smoking, and salting. They combined work and play, Bees and Frolics. -
Life in the City Cont.
The whole town would help out and use the double line system to where ever the water supply was. Colonists in the New World thought of themselves as English citizens. In 1689, King James II, wanted to have all of the power to himself, and didn't want to share it with parliment. Then he was forced off the thrown, the parliment asked Prince William and his wife Mary to take the thrown, if parliment could control taxes, laws, and the rights to the colonists. -
Farm Chores
The day starts before sunrise. They wood cut wood, feed the animals, clear land, tend crops, build fences, make furniture, gather eggs, spin thread, weave cloth, sew clothes, make candles and soap, cook and clean, and care for the younger children. -
Life in the City
1 in 20 people lived in the city. Boston and Philidelphia were the two largest cities, they had just over 20,000 people. The heart of the cities were ports, they would do imports and exports, and news from the Old World. Further inland you could find taverns, marketplaces, and shops. The cities were very unhealthy places, it wasn't uncommon to see swarms of flies in the summer.The houses were very close together, and every house had a fire bucket. -
Life in Colonies
9 out of 10 colonists lived on a small family farms. Had to raise everything for survival. Their first task was to clear out the land. They built a large one room home with a chimney at the end. The parents get the large bed, the small children get a trundle and the older children get a loft. As the family grows you add more rooms. The fireplace was their only sopurce of heat, so they kept it on 24 hours a day 7days a week. -
Crime and Punishment
Each of the 13 colonies had their own sets of punishments for crimes, and they were fairly similar. Serious crimes such as murder, denying the truth of God, cursing at your parents, treason and piracy, got you the death penalty.Lesser crimes such as theft, highway robbery, and forgery, you were jailed, or whipped, or branded with a hot iron. Even lesser crimes such as drunkeness or breaking the Sabbath, you had some jail time, or left in the town stocks. -
Ohio History
The Americans living in the New World, formed and created the Ohio Land Company. The document stated that no fewer than 3, ad no more than 5 sates would be created. Admission to the union would be after the population hit 60,000 people. Civil rights and liberties would be granted, and slavery be prohibited. The ordinance encouraged the move west ward. The land consisted of present day: Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota. -
Ohio History Cont.
The territory was ruled by a small committe: a governor, a secratary, and three judges and all were apointed by congress. these five officials performed the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial functions of government. Not until 1798, 11 years of settlment, after the adult male population reached 5,000, they were able to then pick their house of representatives -
Ohio History Cont.
The U.S congress passed an enabling bill that authorized the formation of a state government in Ohio. Ohio's first Constitutional Convention convened in Chillicothe in November of that same year. Ohio was admitted into the Union in 1803. Ohio's temporary capitol was Chillicothe until 1810 when the sate legislature moved the capitol to Zanesviille. In 1812, the capitol was moved back to Chillicothe, and finally in 1816, Columbus became the capitol. -
The Beginning of the Civil Rights
President Lincoln made the Emansapation proclamtion that was an executive order to free the slaves, but it didn't free all of them. There were around 4 million slaves in our country. As the Union soldiers made their way south, they would set the slave free after conquering the territory. The confederate army had 15 states, but only 10 of them were fighting. The last five states weren't set free until 1865, when the 13 ammendment was passed. -
Civil Rights Cont.
One problem with blacks in the south was the lack of being to vote. The second problem with blacks was the segregation. They were affected by Jim Crow which seperated them in every way possible. The civil rights movement officialy started in 1954, with the Brown vs. Board of Education and overturns segreggation and makes it illegal. International treatment of blacks is seen with the Emitt Till incident. -
Civil Rights Movement
Our first sign of the civil rights movement is with Rosa Parks in Montgomery, Alabama. Ms. Parks is arrested for not giving up her seat on a bus. This sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and the event went on for over for a year. The bus company lost money when everyone stopped riding the bus. It sparked others to have there own type of boycott. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
From Atlanta, Georgia, King was one of those individuals inspired. He was the face of the Civil Rights movement, he was a great speaker and had nonviolent ways. He also started the Southern Christian Leadership Conference which is found in highly populated area. Later on we get the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee that starts off nonviolent and then becomes violent. Civil Disobedience was Kings motto. -
Civil Rights Cont.
Little Rock Arkansas expirenced segregation in the schools. The little rock nine were 9 black students and were the first attempt at intergrating the schools. Governor Faubus sends police to prevent the intergratiom, and then the President sent the National Guard to protect the children from harm. In the 1960s we had freedom rides down to Gerogia. -
Civil Rights Movement Cont.
MLK was arrested an wrote a letter, which became well known named a letter from the Birmingham Jail. MLK also did a march on Washington at the Lincoln memorial which had 200,000 participants at the "I have a dream speech". In September, there was a church bombing killing 4 young girls, which gives them sympathy.The Civil Rights Act of '64, outlawed segregation in public facilitation and discrimination in education and employment. -
Civil Rights Cont.
The SCLC had marches in Birmingham, Alabama where there was a large amount of white supremacy. They would do peaceful protest, with a wide group of people including children. The Police arrested protesters, let dogs on them, and beat the protesters with clubs. The Fire deptmartment sprayed them with hoses. The news covers this and the protesters get northern sympathy. -
Civil Rights Movement Cont.
The Selma to Montgomery marces were led by the SCLC, that had 600 marchers marching for voting rights. One of the marches is called Bloody Sunday, because the Police brought dogs, clubs, teargas, and beat everyone marching, even the children. March 9, 2,500 marchers, but the court orders for them to march no more. Instead they march through Selma to the bridge that leads into Montgomery and then turns around. -
Civil Rights Movement Cont.
A white minister from the north by the name of James Reeb, was in the south. He was kidnapped and beat him, people found him on the side of the , but the hospital wouldn't take him because he was against segregation. The next hospital was 2 hours away and he later died from his injury's. This incident gives the civil rights more support. When the marchers walked along the Jeffersopn Davis Highway, it was the last march that got major white support. -
Civil Rights Movement Cont.
The Voting Rights Act gave blacks and other minorities the right to vote. It ended poll tax, literacy tests, and increased the number of black voters. In the late 60s, black nationalism rose. In 1966, the Black Panther Party was started by Hewey Newton and Bobby Seal. Malcolm X later became the face of the group. The group focused on more violent protest. Their inspiration was Marcus Garvey. The acts they commited lessoned white support for civl rights movement. -
Civil Rights Movement Cont.
Loving vs. Virginia was about a interacial couple that had gotten married and was sentenced for one year in prison. After the case, they legalized interacial marriages, which was the 14th ammendment. At the end of the 1960s, MLK was assinated along with Malcolm X. In the end they aren't equal with their rights, but better than before. In the 70s and 80s they defend the progress they made and make sure they don't go back. -
First Day of Social Studies
That day we learned about the different points in social studies. We turned the points into a acronym called C.H.A.N.G.E.S. Social studies was not just facts and dates, but a way for students to get engaged with history. Civic competants was a persons knowledge of what is going on in the world. -
The 5 W's
Who, what, when where,why and how were the start of questions we had in social studies. The 5 W's would help us uncover the mystories behind the country's history. Who was in the time, what were the sources used, when was the time period, and why which was the inquiry based investigation. Primary sources have a direct link to the past, Secondary sources have one or more steps removed from the past. Oral histories are stories told from generation to generation and aren't very reliable. -
5 Ideas of Social Studies
In some ways we are all the same way, we have the same basic needs: food, water. Since we are all individuals, are all going to argue, and we would solve the conflict with cooperation. While some things or people change, others do not. Past events helped shape the world we live in today, and current choices will affect the future. We as ciizens ca act by ourselves. wwe can deped on others for help. People's actions affect others and their surroundings. -
5 Themes of Geography
The interactions between humans passes on ideas and products. They move by transportation. Your absoulute location is your exact location. The latitude is the horizontal lines and the longtitude is the vertical lines that run along the earth at 90 degrees. The relative location is your location that's related to another place. The physical features are the specific features of a certain place. A region is large land area that has geographic, politiacal, and cultural characteristics. -
Continents
Asia and Europe are not seperate land masses. There are no countries or life on Antartica. There are no deserts in Europe. Th continents are always moving. Oceania and Antartica are the only continents surounded by water. All other continents touch another in some way. Asia touches two comtinents. -
Seven Continents Con.
Africa is the second most populous continent next to Asia. It has 54 countries. It has the largest river: The Nile, and the largest desert: The Sahara. Asia is the largest and most populous continent in the world. Very diverse, adn has 60% of the of world population. Oceania is the smallest continent, has more sheep than people. -
The Seven Continents Charateristics
North America is the 3rd largest continent and has 23 countries. Amerigo Vespucci, who was the first european to suggest that the the Americas were not the East Indies. Joined to Asia in the winter by the Bering Sea. South America is the fourth largest continent, it has 12 countries, is home to the largest rainforest: The Amazon, and the largest river: The Amazon River. Europe is the 6th largest continent, it has 47 countries, and has started both World Wars. Africa is the 2nd largest continent -
The Fifty States
The Northeast region:
Deleware, Conneticut, Maine, Rhode Island, New York, Vermont, Massachusets, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, New Jeersey, and Maryland.
The West region:
Oklahoma, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. -
The Last Continent and The 50 States
Antartica takes up 8.9% of Earth. Almost 98% of it is solid ice. Wasn't considered a continent until 1840. The coldest temperature is -129.3 degrees farenheit and the average temperature is -90 degrees. Five regions in the U.S.: The Northeast, The Southeast, The Midwest, The Southwest, and The West. -
The Fifty States Cont.
The Southwest Region:
Idaho, Wyoming, Montana, Utah, Colorado, Washington, Oreagon, California, Alaska, Hawaii, Nevada.
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States Cont.
The Southeast Region:
West Virginia, Alabama, South Carolina, Kentucky, Arkansas, Tenesse, Georgia, Virginia, Mississippi, Florida, and Lousiana. -
The States Cont.
The Midwest Region:
Michigan, North Dakota, Iowa, Illinois, Nebraska, Indiana, South Dakota, Kansas, Minnesota, Misouri, Wisconsin, Ohio. -
Government (president)
The Federal Government is simply the regions that give some of their powers to a central government. To be president you have to be a natural citizen and be at least 35 years old. The U.S. Constitution is a document that outlines the rules and regulations of our government. People with the same political ideas, belong in the same party. In a primary, party members vote for the best canidate that will represent them in the general election. -
Government Cont. (president)
A caucas is a certain group of party members select their canindate through a certain series of discussions. At national conventions, party's select the nominees for President. In the general eletion, the party's canidate debate each other in front of the country to win the support of the general population. The electoral college system allows each state to get a certain amount of votes and thata decides who becomes President. -
U.S. Government
Government is the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. Society is a body of individuals living as members of acommunity: things such as taxation, defense, and education. Government affects you every day until you die. Such as EPA, FDA, ODOT, and many others. -
U.S. Government
There are three branches of government, Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branch. The Legislative has the power to make laws and controls goverment spending, and is consisted of the United States Congress. The Executive branch has the power to execute, enforce, and administer law and is consisted of POTUS, Vice President, and Cabinet members. The Judicial branch has the power to interprey, determine their meanings and settle disputes and consists of the Supreme Court. -
U.S. Government Cont.
All of these powers are outlined in a document, this document is also the known as the supreme law of the land. The U.S. Constitution is a document written by our founding fathers in 1788 and ratified in 1789. It provides U.S. citizens with fundemental laed which lay out the principles, structures, and processes of a governement. The different branches and their power. Every law, policy, or decision is based off this document. -
U.S. Constitution
The Bill of Rights are the first 10 ammendments. The Later ammendments are 11-27. A few famous famous Supreme Court Cases are: Brown vs. Board of Education, Dred Scott vs. Sandford, Gideon vs Wainwright, Mapp vs, Ohio, Marbury vs. Madison, McCulloch vs. Maryland, Miranda vs. Arizona, New Jersey vs. TLO, Plessy vs. Ferguson, Roe vs. Wade, and Tinker vs. Des Moines. -
U.S. Constitution Set Up
Preamble: We the Pepole of the Untited States in Order to form a more perfect Union,.... Article 1 talks about othe layout of the Legislative branch, article 2 is the layout for the Executive branch, article 3 is the layout for the Judicial branch. Article 4 explains the relationships between Federal Governent and the States, and article 5 is about the process for ammending the Constistituion. Article 6 staes that the constitution is the highest law in the land, and article 7 is the signers. -
The Supreme Court
Mapp vs. Ohio.- Dollerea Mapp was a resident of Cleveland, Ohio and police thought that Ms. Mapp was hiding a bomb suspect. But the police didn't have a search warrant, and they still entered. They found dirty magazines, and arrested Mapp. the police violated her 4th ammendment, and goes to U.S. Supreme Court overturns Ohio. -
The Supreme Court
New Jersey vs. TLO- A female New Jersey high school student was caught smoking in the bathroom by the Vice Principle. She searched all of the girls belongings and found drugs and think she is dealing them. Angry the girl sues the school. The U.S. S.C. rules with the vice princible, because the search was of reasonable suspision. -
Ohio History Cont.
The Ordinance specified that they could create no fewer than three, and no more than 5 states would be formed. Admission to the Union would be available when the population hits 60,000 people. Civil rights and liberties would be granted. Education would be encoraged, slavery and involuntary servitude prohibited. The ordinance encouraged the move west war, it helped format American land policy for years to come. The land became: Ohio, Indiana, Illinios, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota. -
Ohio History
Ohio's statehood all starts with the ordinance of 1787 and the creation ofthe North West Territory. The Ordinance of 1787 was a rule or territory. Americans living in the New World, got together and would form the Ohio Land Company. The group expressed the intrest in aquiring new land. They were issued an ordinance, off of Thomas Jeffersons. The ordinance of 1787, and the Northwest Ordidnance that the land they purchased would become Ohio. -
State Government
The Federal Government is the governemnt for our nation. It governs the Union for our 50 states.It's the central governement. Big Brother. The state governemnt governs each state.They are the little brother such as the Ohio State Government. -
State Government
The constitution is the layout of the state government. The Legislative branch, makes the laws, and handles the money. The Executive branch executes laws and appointments. The Judicial branch interprets the law, and is the States Supreme Court.The Federal Governements has us vote for President, Vice, and state senators. The President apoints Supreme Court Justices. We can only vote for judicials in the state level. Elect justices in state but sometimes depends on population of the state. -
State Governement
The Federal Govenement is a union os states under a central governement. A central government is concerned with national issues. States government controls the powers left over that the Federal government cannot. -
Preamble and other Things
The Preamble is the introduction to the U.S. Constitution. The Civil Rights of U.S. citizens are equality with their fellow citizens, blacks, and other ethinic minority's, women. Civil Rights was a big thing during the Civil Rights movement. During the 1860s-1960s was when the trouble with equality and writes with minorities. -
State Governement
The Federal Government is the government that has control over the county. The central goverment is concerned with the country's issues. The state governement has control over the powers not granted to the Federal government. -
State Government
the Federal Governement is the governement for the nation. The rules for the 50 states. The central governement. We have 50 individual state governements. Such as the Ohio state government. -
State Government
The Legislative makes the laws and handles the money for the state. The Executive branch executes the laws, and the apppointments for the state. The Judicial branch interprets the law, and has the State Supreme Court. We don't vote for the judicial branch on the Federal level , but we can elect justices in state. -
Preamble and other Topics
The preamble is the introduction to the U.S. constitution. The civil rights was the fight for freedom and equality for blacks, ethinic minorities, women, disabled, elders and homosexuals. The movement went from the 1860s to the 1960s.
