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Yalta Conference
Who: Soviet Union, United Kingdom and United States.
What: Meeting between Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin to decide what would happen at the end of war.
When: February 4th- 11th 1945.
Where: Soviet Union- Russia
Effect -
Hiroshima Bombing
The bombing or Hiroshima marked the end of WWII but, it ignited the Cold war. A five-ton bomb was dropped over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. It immediately killed 80,000 people. Tens of thousands more died in the following weeks from wounds and radiation poisoning. Three days later, another bomb was dropped on the city of Nagasaki, killing nearly 40,000 more people. A few days later, Japan announced its surrender. -
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Potsdam Conference
Who: American President Harry S. Truman, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (and his successor, Clement Attlee) and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin.
What: The leaders arrived at various agreements on the German economy, punishment for war criminals, land boundaries and reparations.
When: Near the end of WWII.
Where: Cecilienhof, Potsdam.
Effect on Cold War: Countries were giving to either Communism or capitalism. -
Bombing of Nagasaki
This bombing was the last Major act of WWII. The city of Nagasaki was the the United States' main target. They have stated that they did not mean to bomb this place since they have different targets but, they had the same intention to make Japan Surrender after the Hiroshima Bombing. -
Molotov Plan
Who; USSR and Eastern Europe.
What: Consisted of bilateral trade agreements that helped many countries in Europe. This solidified the presence of the Soviet Union which pleased the Soviet Union Leaders since they were hoping for a weaker Germany.
When: 1947.
Where; Europe
Effect on the Cold War: It created an economic alliance of socialist countries, rebuilt a war-devastated region, removed trade barriers, modernized heavy industry, and made Europe and Asia prosperous again -
Truman Doctrine
Who: Harry Truman.
What: President Truman decided that he was going to help minorities around the world. He also decided that it would be better if he formed alliances and gave out aid for those who were in need.
When: This occurred after the Second World War that left many countries in a very devastating state.
Where: The US provided help to many countries some of them including Turkey and Greece.
Effect on Cold War: He helped countries get back on their feet after getting destroyed. -
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Marshall Plan
Who: 17 countries and the United States.
What: 17 countries in Europe received financial help and more from the United States.
When: 1947-1952
Where: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and western Germany.
Effect on the Cold War: the Marshall Plan reduced the influence and power of Communist parties in Western Europe following the Truman Doctrine. -
Brussels Treaty
Who: Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
What: The treaty was intended to provide Western Europe with a bulwark against the communist threat and to bring greater collective security. There were cultural and social clauses and concepts for the setting up of a 'Consultative Council'. Co-operation between Western nations was believed to help stop the spread of Communism. -
Berlin Blockade
Who: Stalin.
What: Stalin decided to block all road, rail and canal transportation to West Berlin. Many of the Berlin's citizens did not have any supply of food and many other materials needed since they were all cut off from all supplies from the outside countries.
When: June 24, 1948 - May 12, 1949.
Where: West Berlin, Berlin.
Effect on the cold war: Since the cold was was just beginning, Stalin thought that taking over Easter Europe was possible which angered the United States. -
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NATO
Who: created by the USA, Canada and other Western European Countries.
What: Created to unify and strengthen western allies' military response to a possible invasion by the Soviet Union.
When: April 4, 1949.
Where: It included all the countries that were part of Nato such as Canada, USA and many European countries.
Effect on cold war: All the countries that participated were allies or agreed on not taking over ones country which made it harder for anyone to work with the Soviet Union -
Soviet Creation of Nuclear Weapons.
The USSR planned to get build many nuclear weapons during the Second World war but, many scientists did not believe that this was going to be possible. However, the Soviet Union was very motivated to get Nuclear Weapons to scare off the enemies such as USA and Canada. During the Cold War, Nuclear Weapons were a very big threat to many countries because liberal countries were trying to get rid of communism but, communists did not agree with this what so ever which angered them. -
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Koren War
Who: Korea, USSR, USA, Canada and China
What: The USSR supplied North Korea so they would invade South
Korea and take over. Later on Canada and USA joined South Korea's side to protect them but, China was also on North Korea's side. In 1953 the fighting ended and Korea Split into two different states.
Effect on the Cold War: The cold was was practically many countries trying to get rid of communism which failed since North Korea and Russia are still communists. -
NORAD
Who: United States and Canada.
What: The North American Defence Agreement was a pact that placed under joint command the air forces of Canada and the United States.
Effect on Cold War: Canada and America were fearing a war with the soviet union therefore they decided to be prepared because they could get attacked at any time. -
Stalin's Death
He died of old age. the Cold War that emerged as the Soviets moved to expand their sphere of influence at the expense of the West was a reflection of what may have been the most important aspect of Stalin's peculiar personality: his unlimited will to power. -
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Warsaw Pact
Who:Soviet Union and Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania.
What: Treaty that unified military command and for the maintenance of Soviet military units on the territories of the other participating states.
Effect on Cold War: It made the communist countries strong as well since NATO was also being established therefore, they were both pretty strong sides. -
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Vietnam War
The Vietnam War was long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The conflict was intensified by the ongoing Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.Communist forces ended the war by seizing control of South Vietnam in 1975, and the country was unified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam the following year. -
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Hungarian Revolution
It started by a student protesting in the streets of Hungary marching to the Parliament building. He was protesting against communism because in previous times, Hungary had the same belief system as the Soviet Union. Many other students joined and later on the troops got triggered and one student got killed. Other civilians heard about this incident and decided to revolt as well which led to the government collapsing. -
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Fidel Castro taking over
Fidel Castro took over after the Cuban Revolution that he started. He allied himself to the communist parties because he was a communist himself. He became well known in the Soviet Union because him and the SU leader got along very well since they had the same ideologies. Since the Soviet union and USA were enemies, Cuba and the USA now had issues between them. -
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The Bay of Pigs
On April 17, the Cuban-exile invasion force, known as Brigade 2506, landed at beaches along the Bay of Pigs and immediately came under heavy fire. Cuban planes strafed the invaders, sank two escort ships, and destroyed half of the exile's air support. Bad weather hampered the ground force, which had to work with soggy equipment and insufficient ammunition. This took place in the cold war because it was once again trying to prevent communism -
The creation of the Berlin Wall
Who: German Democratic Republic.
What:Built because more than 2.6 million German citizens escaped to West Berlin or West Germany since the lifestyle at these places was much better.
When: August 13, 1961.
Where: Between West Berlin and East Germany.
Effect: Since East Germany was under control of the soviet union they were a communist country, therefore Stalin decided to build the wall which got the citizens very angry but Stalin lied to other countries about the purpose of this wall. -
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End of the Cuban Missile Crisis
It was a confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union concerning American ballistic missile. The confrontation is often considered the closest the Cold War came to escalating into a full-scale nuclear war. Soviets would dismantle their offensive weapons in Cuba and return them to the Soviet Union, subject to United Nations verification, in exchange for a US public declaration and agreement to avoid invading Cuba again. -
Nuclear Arms Treaties
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament. Although the NPT did not ultimately prevent nuclear proliferation, in the context of the Cold War arms race and international concern about the consequences of nuclear war. -
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Afghanistan/ Soviet War.
Insurgent groups known together as the mujahideen, as well as smaller Maoist groups, fought a guerilla war against the Soviet Army and the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan government, mostly in the rural countryside. The mujahideen groups were backed primarily by the United States and Pakistan, making it a Cold War proxy war. -
Solidarity in Poland
In the 1980s, Solidarity was a broad anti-bureaucratic social movement, using the methods of civil resistance to advance the causes of workers' rights and social change. Poland acquired a new trade union that did not deal with communists and was not directed by a communist party. -
Berlin Wall Falling
Crowds gathered on both sides of the historic crossings waiting for hours to cheer the bulldozers that tore down portions of the Wall to reconnect the divided roads. While the Wall officially remained guarded at a decreasing intensity, new border crossings continued for some time, including the Brandenburg Gate. -
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Czechoslovakia Revolution
It was a non-violent transition of power in what was then Czechoslovakia, occurring from November 17 to December 29, 1989. Popular demonstrations against the one-party government of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia combined students and older dissidents. The result was the end of 41 years of one-party rule in Czechoslovakia, and the subsequent dismantling of the planned economy and conversion to a parliamentary republic. -
End of Cold War.
U.S.-Soviet relations improved considerably during the middle 1980s. At a dramatic summit meeting in Reykjavik, Iceland, in October 1986, Gorbachev proposed a 50-percent reduction in the nuclear arsenals of each side, and for a time it seemed as though a historic agreement would be reached. However, on December 8, 1987, the Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty was signed in Washington, eliminating an entire class of nuclear weapons. .