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Feb 14, 1147
Height of its splendour
Became an independent comune after a century of rule under the bishop -
Feb 14, 1205
Palazzo Tolomei built
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Feb 14, 1240
Studium Senese established
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Feb 14, 1255
Battle of Montaperti.
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Feb 14, 1255
Basilica of San Francesco built
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Feb 14, 1260
Battle of Montaperti.
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Sep 14, 1260
Battle of Monteperti
Due to its Ghibelline status, Siena went to war against neighbouring Florence, which supported the Pope. Its troops gained a formidable victory against the Florentines at the Battle of Monteperti -
Feb 14, 1263
Siena Cathedral buil
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Feb 14, 1265
Basilica of San Domenico built
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Feb 14, 1287
Noveschi in power
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Feb 14, 1291
Gioco delle Pugna
in which the contenders fought with their hands covered by a wicker structure, or other games such as the Pallonata or the Bufalata -
Feb 14, 1301
Golden age of architecture
Siena reached its golden age of architecture during the 14th century, when the city was able to erect many of the most important buildings that survive to this day. These include the Campo, the Palazzo Pubblico (then known as Palazzo dei Signori in reference to the city’s ‘Nine’ governors) the Duomo and the Torre del Mangia. -
Feb 14, 1308
Palazzo Pubblico built
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Feb 14, 1348
the great Plague
In emulation of ancient Rome, Siena wished to underline its independence. But the great Plague of 1348 decimated the city’s population, bringing decadence and financial collapse -
Feb 14, 1348
Black Death plague
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Feb 14, 1348
Torre del Mangia built
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Feb 14, 1360
Public clock installed
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Feb 14, 1380
Died ofCaterina Benincasa
Despite losing their independence, the people of Siena retained their proverbial courage and cunning. St Catherine of Siena, who during her lifetime was called Caterina Benincasa, died in 1380 -
Feb 14, 1390
Annexed to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany
End of the government of the ‘Nine’ and loss of independence when in 1390 the city was annexed to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.